Jurnal Ilmiah Kedokteran dan Kesehatan ISSN: 2809-235X (cetak), ISSN: 2809-2090 (online) diterbitkan 3 (tiga) kali dalam satu tahun yaitu Edisi Januari, Mei, dan September. Jurnal ini terakreditasi SINTA 5 (Surat Keputusan Direktur Jenderal Pendidikan Tinggi, Riset, dan Teknologi Nomor 10/C/C3/DT.05.00/2025 tanggal 21 Maret 2025 tentang Peringkat Akreditasi Jurnal Ilmiah Periode I Tahun 2025) dimulai dari Volume 1 Nomor 2 Tahun 2022 sampai Volume 6 Nomor 1 Tahun 2027. Jurnal Ilmiah Kedokteran dan Kesehatan menyajikan hasil penelitian dan tinjauan pustaka sehingga jurnal ini bermanfaat bagi dokter, pengambil kebijakan, tenaga kesehatan, dosen serta mahasiswa yang tertarik dengan publikasi ilmiah terkait Ilmu Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Indexed by : Journal Sponsors and Partners :
Acute Otitis Media (AOM) is one of the most common pediatric ear infections and may lead to significant complications when not diagnosed and managed appropriately. This literature review aims to summarize current evidence regarding the diagnostic approach and management of AOM. A structured search was conducted through PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar, focusing on publications from the last ten years. The diagnosis of AOM is primarily established through clinical symptoms such as otalgia, fever, and irritability, supported by otoscopic findings including middle ear effusion, tympanic membrane erythema, or bulging. Adjunctive tools such as pneumatic otoscopy and tympanometry may improve diagnostic accuracy in selected cases. Management strategies emphasize assessing disease severity to determine the need for antibiotics. Amoxicillin remains the first-line therapy, while a watchful waiting strategy is recommended for mild, uncomplicated cases. Supportive therapy, particularly analgesics, plays a crucial role in minimizing patient discomfort. In recurrent or persistent cases, evaluation of contributing risk factors such as allergic rhinitis, passive smoke exposure, and eustachian tube dysfunction is essential. This review highlights that accurate diagnosis and rational treatment selection are key to preventing complications and reducing recurrence rates in AOM.
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Penerapan Kompres Serai Hangat Sebagai Manajemen Nyeri pada Pasien dengan Osteoarthritis di RS Jakarta Barat
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a disease that occurs due to damage to the cartilage tissue that lines the bones, causing the bones to rub against each other during movement. One nursing action to address pain in OA patients is to provide warm lemongrass compresses. This case report aims to determine the effectiveness of applying warm lemongrass compresses in reducing pain levels in osteoarthritis patients. The method used is a case study on OA patients experiencing discomfort due to pain. Warm lemongrass compresses were given three times a day for three days. The instrument used was the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) to measure pain levels. The results of this report show that warm lemongrass compresses for three days successfully reduced pain levels significantly, from a scale of 6 to a scale of 3. Warm lemongrass compresses have been proven to be an effective non-pharmacological therapy in standard nursing care interventions to reduce pain levels in osteoarthritis patients. This intervention can be an additional therapeutic option in the management of OA pain.
Copyright (c) 2026 Jurnal Ilmiah Kedokteran dan Kesehatan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Implementasi Pijat Oksitosin Terhadap Kelancaran ASI pada Pasien Post Partum Sectio Caesarea di RS Jakarta Barat
Breast milk production can be accelerated with non-pharmacological measures, such as oxytocin massage. Oxytocin massage is considered more effective in increasing breast milk production because it stimulates the release of the hormone oxytocin, which is influenced by the thoughts and feelings of postpartum mothers. The purpose of this case report is to determine the effects of oxytocin massage on breast milk production in postpartum mothers at a West Jakarta Hospital. Methods: This study used a qualitative approach with a descriptive design, focusing on case studies. Data were collected through interviews and observations of postpartum mothers. Results indicate that oxytocin massage provides a sense of comfort and relaxation, contributing to increased breast milk production in postpartum mothers. The average increase in breast milk production after oxytocin massage ranged from 8 to 18 ml/cc. Conclusion: Applying oxytocin massage to postpartum mothers for three consecutive days, three times daily, for fifteen minutes each session, has been shown to increase breast milk production in patients.
Eklampsia dengan Partial HELLP Syndrome pada Kehamilan Usia Maternal Lanjut dengan Antenatal Care Minimal: Laporan Kasus dari Jakarta
Eclampsia with partial HELLP syndrome in high-risk pregnancies can progress rapidly when early detection through antenatal care is inadequate. We report a 41-year-old G2P1A0 woman who presented at 37 weeks with tonic–clonic seizures, severe hypertension, proteinuria, elevated liver enzymes, and borderline thrombocytopenia, having attended only one antenatal visit at 25 weeks, resulting in missed opportunities for preeclampsia risk screening and aspirin–calcium prophylaxis. Emergency management followed ABCDE stabilization, magnesium sulfate therapy, rapid-acting antihypertensives, intravenous access, NG tube insertion, urinary catheterization, and subsequent emergency cesarean section with Pomeroy tubectomy, yielding a 2690-gram neonate with good adaptation. Despite the severe presentation, timely and guideline-based emergency actions led to favorable maternal and neonatal outcomes. This case highlights the importance of adequate antenatal screening, early recognition of hypertensive disorders, and the need to strengthen preventive strategies in primary care to avoid similar occurrences.
Laporan Kasus: Rinitis Alergi dengan Hipertrofi Adenoid
Introduction: Allergic rhinitis is an inflammation of the nasal mucosa triggered by allergens, leading to symptoms such as sneezing, nasal congestion, and excessive nasal discharge. Adenoid hypertrophy is the enlargement of the adenoid glands in the nasopharynx, commonly occurring in children, which can result in breathing difficulties and upper respiratory infections. These two conditions often coexist in children and impact their quality of life, particularly in terms of breathing and sleep. In Indonesia, the prevalence of allergic rhinitis is estimated to be around 38%. Case Report: An 8-year-old girl patient came to the ENT clinic at RSUD Kabupaten Bekasi with the main complaint of nasal congestion for more than a week. This was accompanied by a cough, nasal discharge and itching, sore throat, sneezing, and snoring during sleep. Endoscopic examination revealed eutrophic inferior and middle turbinates, mucous secretion, and hypertrophy of the adenoid covering the torus tubarius. The patient was diagnosed with allergic rhinitis and adenoid hypertrophy and was treated with nasal corticosteroid spray, antihistamines, decongestants, expectorants, and advised to avoid allergens such as dust. Conclusion: Adenoid hypertrophy with allergic rhinitis can cause upper airway obstruction and sleep disturbances, such as obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), which affects physical and cognitive development and requires appropriate management. Management of adenoid hypertrophy can be pharmacological or surgical, depending on the patient's clinical symptoms. Allergic rhinitis can be treated with antihistamines, nasal corticosteroid spray, and avoidance of allergens.
Tingkat Pengetahuan Siswa/I Kelas 8 pada Penyuluhan Miopia dengan Media Poster di SMPN 119 Jakarta Pusat
The rapid development of digital technolosgy has significantly increased screen time among adolescents, contributing to a rise in the prevalence of myopia (nearsightedness). Lack of knowledge regarding eye health and preventive behaviors is a major risk factor for the development of refractive errors. In Islamic perspective, maintaining eye health is considered a form of gratitude and responsibility for the blessing of sight (amanah) bestowed by Allah SWT. This study aims to determine the comparison of knowledge levels among 8th-grade students at SMPN 119 Central Jakarta regarding myopia prevention before and after health education via poster media, while also reviewing the topic from an Islamic viewpoint.This research employed a quantitative design with a quasi-experimental approach using a pre-test and post-test design. The sample consisted of 74 students selected using the Slovin formula. The instrument used was a multiple-choice questionnaire to measure knowledge levels. Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate analysis to identify differences in knowledge scores. The characteristics of respondents were dominated by the 13–14 age group (98.6%) and female gender (58.1%). The results showed an increase in the mean knowledge score from 19.27 in the pre-test to 21.41 in the post-test. Categorically, respondents with "Good" knowledge levels significantly increased from 59.5% (44 students) before education to 85.1% (63 students) after education. Health education using poster media is effective in improving students' knowledge regarding myopia prevention. From an Islamic perspective, these preventive efforts align with religious commands to avoid self-harm and preserve the blessings given by Allah SWT.
Laporan Kasus : Trauma Tumpul Kepala Akibat Jatuh dari Ketinggian
Introduction: Falls from height are a major cause of high-energy blunt trauma, frequently resulting in severe head injury and death. In forensic medicine, analysis of head injury patterns is essential to determine the mechanism and manner of death. Objective: To report and analyze a fatal case of severe head injury due to a fall from height based on forensic examination findings and relevant literature. Case report: A male adolescent was found deceased after an alleged fall from the third floor of the mosque building. Forensic examination revealed a depressed skull fracture, dural tear, extensive intracranial hemorrhage, and multiple associated injuries. Discussion: The head injury pattern indicates high-energy blunt force trauma. Associated thoracic and bilateral femoral fractures support a vertical fall mechanism. These findings are consistent with previously reported fatal free-fall cases. Conclusion: Death was caused by severe blunt head trauma resulting from a fall from height, leading to increased intracranial pressure and brainstem failure.
Preeklampsia, Diabetes Melitus Gestasional, Infeksi Saluran Kemih, Obesitas, Dan Riwayat Sectio Caesarea Pada Wanita G4P2A1 Usia Kehamilan 36-37 Minggu
Preeclampsia in pregnancy complicated by gestational diabetes mellitus and obesity represents a high-risk condition characterized by endothelial dysfunction, severe hypertension, and increased maternal–fetal morbidity. We report a 34-year-old woman, G4P2A1, at 36–37 weeks of gestation who presented with severe hypertension (194/115 mmHg), proteinuria 1+, uncontrolled hyperglycemia (random glucose 230 mg/dL), and a history of two previous cesarean sections. Ultrasonography revealed an appropriately grown fetus with an estimated fetal weight of 3203 grams, and cardiotocography was reactive. The patient’s obesity (BMI 28.8 kg/m²) and poorly controlled gestational diabetes contributed to worsening endothelial injury and progression of preeclampsia. Maternal stabilization was achieved with antihypertensives, magnesium sulfate, insulin sliding scale, and antibiotics for a concurrent urinary tract infection. A repeat cesarean section followed by bilateral salpingectomy was performed with favorable maternal and neonatal outcomes. This case highlights the importance of early detection, intensive antenatal monitoring, and multidisciplinary management in high-risk pregnancies to reduce maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality.
Laporan Kasus : Gambaran Kongenital Kyphoscoliosis E.C. Hemivertebrae Thoracal 12 pada Anak 14 Tahun di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Dr Slamet Garut
Introduction: The vertebral column supports the body and protects the spinal cord. Hemivertebra is a congenital anomaly caused by partial failure of vertebral body formation, with scoliosis as its most common complication. Hemivertebra-related scoliosis is progressive and may lead to spinal imbalance and severe deformity. Diagnosis can be established using prenatal ultrasonography, plain radiography, CT, and MRI. Plain radiography is typically used as an initial examination due to its accessibility, but it has limitations in complex deformities. CT scanning with three-dimensional reconstruction provides detailed vertebral visualization for preoperative planning, while MRI enables comprehensive evaluation of neural axis abnormalities without radiation exposure.Case Report: A 14-year-old boy presented to RSUD dr. Slamet Garut with complaints of an asymmetric appearance of the back, accompanied by a progressively enlarging lump on the back and right-sided lower back pain for the past three years. The patient also reported easy fatigability and excessive sweating during physical activity. Past medical history revealed pulmonary tuberculosis at the age of six months, for which the patient had completed treatment with no residual symptoms. Growth and developmental history indicated delays in motor and speech development. A contrast-enhanced thoracolumbar MSCT scan from vertebra Th1 to the sacrum performed revealed severe congenital kyphoscoliosis secondary to a fully segmented hemivertebra at Th12, with absence of the left pedicle and 12th rib, accompanied by suspicion of posterior spinal canal narrowing.Conclusion: A 14-year-old boy was diagnosed with severe congenital kyphoscoliosis caused by a fully segmented hemivertebra at Th12, accompanied by abnormalities of the left pedicle and 12th rib, as well as suspected posterior spinal canal narrowing.
Pengaruh Teknik Akupresur pada Titik LI4 terhadap Penurunan Nyeri Persalinan Kala I Fase Aktif pada Ibu Bersalin di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Sei Langkai Kota Batam
Labor pain is a physiological condition commonly experienced by mothers giving birth, especially during the first active phase, which often causes anxiety and tension. One non-pharmacological method that can be used to reduce pain is the acupressure technique, especially at the LI4 point, which is known to have an analgesic effect. This study aims to determine the effect of acupressure techniques at the LI4 point on reducing labor pain in the first active phase of labor in mothers giving birth in the Sei Health Center working area. Slender. This research is quasi-experimental with a nonequivalent control group design. The respondents for this research were 16 mothers in labor who met the inclusion criteria. The sampling technique used was nonprobability sampling, which was chosen as purposive sampling. Based on the research results, it was found that the labor pain of women giving birth at the Hanika Clinic and the AMC Clinic after acupressure was carried out at point LI4, some women in labor experienced moderate pain (68.8%) and a small number experienced mild pain (31.3%). The results of statistical tests show that there is an influence of the acupressure technique at point LI4 on reducing labor pain during the first active phase in mothers giving birth (p value < α (<.001)). The results showed that administering acupressure at the LI4 point significantly reduced the level of labor pain, compared to before the intervention. Thus, this technique can be used as an alternative pain management that is effective, safe and easy to do during the birthing process
Hubungan Antara Kebiasaan Merokok dengan Timbulnya Hiperpigmentasi Gingiva pada Sekuriti Universitas Wijaya Kusuma Surabaya
Smoking is a habit that has a significant negative impact on oral and dental health, including an increased risk of gingival hyperpigmentation. Long-term exposure to chemical substances in cigarettes, such as tar and nicotine, can stimulate excessive melanin production by melanocytes, leading to discoloration of gingival tissues. Security personnel, who generally experience shift work patterns and high psychological stress, demonstrate a relatively high prevalence of smoking and are therefore at greater risk of developing gingival discoloration due to chronic tobacco exposure. In this study, a total of 35 respondents who were active smokers and employed as security personnel at Wijaya Kusuma University, Surabaya, were evaluated using a smoking habit questionnaire and clinical examination of gingival conditions. The Chi-square test results showed a significant association between smoking habits and the degree of gingival hyperpigmentation, with a p-value of 0.012. The majority of heavy smokers exhibited a higher degree of gingival pigmentation compared to light smokers. These findings indicate that smoking intensity contributes substantially to the condition of oral soft tissues. Therefore, educational and promotive efforts are essential for high-risk groups such as security personnel to prevent the long-term effects of smoking on gingival health..
Hubungan Tingkat Kepuasan Pelayanan Makanan dengan Tingkat Kecukupan Zat Gizi Makro pada Pasien Non Diit Rawat Inap Kelas III di RS Bhayangkara Bandar Lampung
High-quality food service can enhance patient satisfaction and positively impact nutritional adequacy, thereby accelerating recovery and preventing complications. This study aims to analyze the relationship between the level of satisfaction with food service and the adequacy of macronutrient intake in non-diet meals among Class III inpatients at Bhayangkara Hospital, Bandar Lampung. This research employed a quantitative analytical method with a cross-sectional approach involving 133 patients as the population and 102 patients selected through random sampling during October–December 2024. Research instruments included a food service satisfaction questionnaire, a 2 × 24-hour food recall form, a food weighing form to measure leftover food, and the NutriSurvey application to calculate nutrient intake. Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate analysis with the gamma test and presented in percentages. The results showed a significant relationship between satisfaction with food service and the adequacy of macronutrients, including energy (p-value = 0.000), protein (p-value = 0.012), fat (p-value = 0.000), and carbohydrates (p-value = 0.000), indicating that food service satisfaction influences patients’ macronutrient intake. Therefore, hospitals are recommended to continuously improve the quality of food services to support adequate macronutrient intake.
Pelayanan Informasi Obat dalam Layanan Telefarmasi pada Apotek X Kota Mataram
Telepharmacy is an innovation in remote pharmaceutical services that has become increasingly relevant along with the rapid development of information and communication technology in the healthcare sector. This service enables pharmacists to continue providing optimal pharmaceutical care without direct face-to-face interaction. This study aimed to describe the implementation of drug information services provided by pharmacists through telepharmacy at Pharmacy X in Mataram City and to evaluate their compliance with pharmaceutical service standards as regulated in the Regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia Number 73 of 2016. This study employed a descriptive design with a cross-sectional approach, involving 40 patient interactions conducted via WhatsApp over a one-month period. The collected data included the types of medicines purchased by patients and the forms of drug information provided by pharmacists. The medicines were classified according to therapeutic categories, while drug information was analyzed using indicators based on pharmaceutical service regulations. The results showed that the most frequently purchased medicines were respiratory system drugs (26.67%), analgesic/antipyretic drugs (22.22%), and medicines for dyspepsia (17.78%). The most commonly provided drug information included dosage instructions (71.74%), explanations of special dosage forms (87.5%), and duration of use (54.35%). However, information regarding side effects (13.04%) and drug interactions (10.87%) was still limited. All patients receiving antibiotics were educated to complete their medication as prescribed (100%). Overall, drug information services delivered through telepharmacy at Pharmacy X were in accordance with pharmaceutical service standards, although improvements in clinical education are still needed to strengthen the quality and safety of digital pharmacy services.
Pengaruh Prenatal Yoga terhadap Penurunan Nyeri Punggung pada Ibu Hamil Trimester III di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Kedondong Kabupaten Pesawaran
Back pain is a common complaint experienced by third-trimester pregnant women due to physiological changes such as weight gain, postural changes, and ligament relaxation. This condition can interfere with comfort and daily activities, therefore requiring safe and effective management, one of which is a non-pharmacological therapy in the form of prenatal yoga. This study aimed to determine the effect of prenatal yoga on reducing back pain among third-trimester pregnant women in the working area of Kedondong Public Health Center, Pesawaran Regency, in 2025.This study employed a quantitative method with a One Group Pre-Test Post-Test design. The sample consisted of 26 third-trimester pregnant women selected through random sampling. Back pain intensity was measured using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) before and after the prenatal yoga intervention. Data analysis was conducted using the Wilcoxon test because the normality test results indicated that the data were not normally distributed (p < 0.05). The results showed that the mean back pain score before the intervention was 6.04 (moderate–severe category) and decreased to 3.04 (mild–moderate category) after the intervention. All respondents (100%) experienced a reduction in back pain, with 26 negative ranks and no positive ranks or ties. The Wilcoxon test yielded a p-value of 0.000 (p < 0.05), indicating a statistically significant effect of prenatal yoga on reducing back pain in third-trimester pregnant women. In conclusion, prenatal yoga is effective in reducing back pain among third-trimester pregnant women and can be recommended as a safe and beneficial non-pharmacological intervention in antenatal care services to improve maternal comfort.
Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Kunjungan Balita di Posyandu Karya Bhakti Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Paduan Rajawali Kabupaten Tulang Bawang
Posyandu is a vital community health service for monitoring toddler growth and development; however, toddler visits remain low. Data from the Indonesian Ministry of Health (2024) shows toddler weighing coverage in Lampung at 80.4%, with Paduan Rajawali Health Center achieving 85.1% in 2023, declining to 80.3% in 2024. Low attendance impacts malnutrition detection, stunting risk, and child development. A pre-survey in the area identified maternal knowledge, occupation, husband’s support, and perception as influential factors. This study aims to analyze factors associated with toddler visits to Karya Bhakti Posyandu to improve child health. Quantitative methods with an analytical cross-sectional design were used. The population included all mothers with toddlers aged 12–59 months (160), with a sample of 62 respondents using random sampling. The dependent variable was posyandu visits; independent variables were maternal knowledge, occupation, economic status, and perception. Data were collected via questionnaires and analyzed using univariate and bivariate (chi-square) analysis. Results showed most mothers at Karya Bhakti Posyandu had good knowledge (54.8%), informal employment (71%), and high economic status (62.9%). Positive perception reached 51.6%, with 56.5% routinely bringing toddlers to posyandu. Bivariate analysis revealed significant associations between maternal knowledge (p = 0.039) and perception (p = 0.005) with toddler visits, while occupation (p = 0.133) and economic status (p = 0.421) were not significant. Recommendations: Posyandu should offer engaging activities and active outreach by cadres. Mothers are encouraged to increase knowledge and consistently bring toddlers. The village should provide continuous information dissemination. Future researchers may explore other factors affecting toddler visits.
Korelasi Pengetahuan, Status Ekonomi, Paritas, dan Kepatuhan Konsumsi Tablet Fe dengan Kejadian Anemia pada Ibu Hamil di Wilayah Puskesmas Pedada Pesawaran Tahun 2025
Background Anemia in pregnant women has the potential to endanger both mother and child, the prevalence of anemia in Lampung Province increased to 9.10% in 2020. Causes of anemia include non-compliance during pregnancy with iron supplementation tablets, low knowledge, and other factors. The purpose of this study was to determine the correlation between knowledge, economic status, parity, and compliance with iron tablet consumption with the incidence of anemia. Method: This type of research is quantitative with a cross-sectional design. The study population was pregnant women with a sample of 68 respondents using a total sampling technique. The study was conducted in the Pedada Pesawaran Community Health Center working area from October 29, 2025, to December 2, 2025. Data collection used a questionnaire and the chi-square test. Results: Based on the results of the study, it was found that 35 (51.5%) had anemia, while 33 (48.5%) did not experience anemia. Knowledge was lacking in 31 (45.6%), knowledge was sufficient in 20 (29.4%), and knowledge was good in 17 (25%). Low economic status was low in 37 (54.4%), and high economic status was high in 31 (45.6%). Parity was at risk in 41 (60.3%), and parity was not at risk in 27 (39.7%). Further analysis showed a relationship between knowledge (p-value = 0.031), economic status (p-value = 0.001), parity (p-value = 0.015), and adherence to iron tablet consumption (p-value = 0.000) with the incidence of anemia in pregnant women. Therefore, it is recommended that pregnant women increase their adherence to regularly consuming iron tablets as a measure to prevent anemia from an early age.
Efektivitas Tipe Pembelajaran Clinical Skill Lab pada Fase Preklinik dalam Pembentukan Keterampilan Klinik Mahasiswa Kedokteran
The preclinical phase is crucial stage in preparing medical students for clinical practice, as students are required not only to master theoretical concepts but also to apply them accurately and safely. One important educational strategy at this stage is Clinical Skill Lab (CSL), which serves as a bridge between theory and clinical practice within safe and controlled learning environment. Through CSL activities, students are expected to develop psychomotor skills, clinical reasoning, and professional confidence before interacting directly with patients. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of various CSL learning models, including Self-Directed Learning (SDL), video-based learning media, and Peer-Assisted Learning (PAL), in improving medical students’ clinical competence. A narrative literature review approach was employed. Data were obtained from the PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect databases, covering publications from 2016 to 2025, and six relevant articles were systematically analyzed. The findings indicate differences in effectiveness among the learning methods. SDL was found to be less effective when applied independently due to limited supervision and minimal feedback. Video-based learning was shown to enhance visual understanding and memory retention but tended to be passive. In contrast, PAL emerged as the most effective approach, as it promotes active interaction and provides immediate feedback.
Uji Efektivitas Ekstrak Etanol Daun Jarak Pagar (Jatropha curcas L.) dalam Menurunkan Kadar Gula Darah pada Mencit (Mus musculus) yang Diinduksi Glukosa Monohidrat
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder with an increasing global prevalence, emphasizing the need for safe, effective, and affordable alternative therapies. This study aimed to evaluate the antidiabetic potential of ethanol extract from physic nut leaves (Jatropha curcas L.) in reducing blood glucose levels in glucose monohydrate–induced mice (Mus musculus). An experimental design was applied using 25 male mice divided into five groups: a negative control group receiving Na-CMC, a positive control group treated with glibenclamide (5 mg), and three treatment groups administered ethanol extract doses of 21.8 mg/25 g body weight, 43.7 mg/25 g body weight, and 65.6 mg/25 g body weight. Blood glucose levels were measured to assess the hypoglycemic effect of each treatment. The results showed that the ethanol extract of Jatropha curcas leaves significantly reduced blood glucose levels compared to the control groups (p < 0.05). The highest dose, 65.6 mg/25 g body weight, demonstrated the greatest reduction in blood glucose levels. These findings suggest that ethanol extract of physic nut leaves has promising potential as a natural antidiabetic agent and may serve as an alternative therapeutic option for diabetes management.
Potensi Probiotik sebagai Agen Terapi Rhinitis Alergi Terbarukan: Literature Review pada Uji Klinis
Allergic rhinitis is a chronic inflammatory disease that occurs widely in the global population. This disease is related to the body's hypersensitivity to allergens from the external environment. Available therapy for allergic rhinitis is only symptomatic, while primary therapy has several problems, such as access, time, and cost. Research related to renewable rhinitis therapy is needed, one of which is the use of probiotics as a therapeutic agent. The research method used was a literature review through the PubMed and GoogleScholar databases using the keywords "Rhinitis," "Probiotics," "NSS," and "TNSS." The literature search process was carried out systematically by applying several inclusion criteria. In total, four final articles were obtained from a total of 27 available articles. The results of nasal symptom score (NSS) and total nasal symptom score (TNSS) measurements in several analyzed studies indicated the potential of probiotics such as NVP1703, the combination of B. animalis Subsp. Lactis BB12 with Enterococcus faecium L3, and Lacticaseibacillus paracasei GM-080 in treating allergic rhinitis symptoms. Probiotics as a renewable therapeutic agent for allergic rhinitis have been shown to reduce symptoms, as measured by a decrease in mean NSS and TNSS values. The antiallergic activity of probiotics occurs through regulatory mechanisms of Th1 cells, Th2 cells, inflammatory mediators, and the production of pro-inflammatory antagonist compounds.
Efusi Pleura Masif Hemoragik Akibat Keganasan: Laporan Kasus
Pleural effusion is an accumulation of excess fluid in the pleural cavity, and can be classified as transudate and exudate. Transudate effusion occurs because of other diseases not primary to the lungs such as liver cirrhosis. Exudate efusion happens when there are inflammatory processes in pleura such as terror, tuberculosis (TB), and parapneumonia. Hemorrhagic pleural effusion occurs due to inflammatory processes. A 71-year-old woman complained of a sickness, a pain in the chest a day before she was admitted to the hospital, a relieved pain while lying down, and an unproductive cough and chest pain on her left side. An abnormal physical examination resulted in a faint sound and a decreased basal vesicular voice on the left chest. The thorax photo resulted in a massive effusion covering the left hemithorax. CT scan showed the pulmonary mass on the left. The cytological results indicate the presence of an inflammatory process. After performing Water Sealed Drainage (WSD), a concentrated red fluid of 2250 cc is produced. The patient was diagnosed with comparative pleural effusion due to violence, tuberculosis, and pulmonary Ca. The patient's diagnosis is a hemorrhagic massive pleural effusion with the cause of violence. The diagnosis of TB and pneumonia is eliminated because there is no TB trias and the pleural fluid is not colored green, yellow and purulent.
Identifikasi Drug Related Problems Potensial Kategori Interaksi Obat pada Pasien Hipertensi di RSU Royal Prima Medan
Hypertension is a disease whose prevalence continues to increase from year to year, and the success of its therapy is largely determined by the appropriateness of drug selection and use. Treatment failure may occur when the chosen and administered medications do not match the patient’s condition, particularly when accompanied by drug-related problems (DRPs). Poorly controlled hypertension can lead to complications such as heart disease, kidney failure, and stroke. This study aims to identify DRPs among hypertensive patients with or without comorbidities, assessed in terms of the use of medications without indications, indications without medications, excessive dosage, insufficient dosage, and drug interactions. This research is a descriptive, non-experimental study employing a cross-sectional design with retrospective data collection among hypertensive patients with or without comorbidities at RSU Royal Prima Medan during the January–June 2025 period. The sample was selected using purposive sampling based on the inclusion criteria, resulting in a total of 135 patients.
Hubungan antara Pola Makan dan Aktifitas Fisik dengan Kadar Gula Darah pada Penderita Diabetes Melitus Tipe II di Puskesmas Hanura Kabupaten Pesawaran Tahun 2025
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease with a continuously increasing prevalence. In Indonesia, the number of patients is projected to reach 28.57 million by 2045, rising from 19.47 million in 2021, with 236,711 deaths reported in 2021. In Lampung Province, 89,981 cases were recorded, while Pesawaran Regency reported 1,826 hospitalized cases in 2023. Diabetes leads to serious complications due to uncontrolled blood glucose levels, primarily triggered by unhealthy dietary patterns and low physical activity. Control efforts include health education, the Prolanis program, and the promotion of regular physical activity. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between dietary patterns and physical activity with blood glucose levels among patients with type 2 diabetes at Hanura Public Health Center in 2025. This study employed a quantitative cross-sectional design with total sampling of 32 respondents with type 2 diabetes. Data were collected using a dietary pattern questionnaire, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) for physical activity assessment, and a glucometer for blood glucose measurement. Data analysis was conducted using the Chi-Square test. Univariate analysis showed that most respondents had an adequate dietary pattern (59.4%; 19 participants), moderate physical activity levels (43.8%; 14 participants). normal blood glucose levels (50.0%; 16 participants). Bivariate analysis revealed a significant relationship between dietary patterns, physical activity, and blood glucose levels (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Irregular dietary habits and low physical activity contribute to increased blood glucose levels. Patients with diabetes are advised to follow the 3J dietary principle (Schedule, Amount, Type) and engage in regular physical activity for at least 150 minutes per week.
Penerapan Teknik Relaksasi Nafas dalam terhadap Tingkat Nyeri Persalinan Kala 1 Fase Laten
Irregular (inefficient) labor pain in the first stage can be fatal, causing prolonged labor (prolonged labor), severe stress for the mother (anxiety, fear), increased oxygen demand, circulatory changes (decreased placental perfusion), and the risk of acidosis in the mother and fetus, which can disrupt labor progress and endanger the mother and baby. Deep breathing relaxation is a technique that has been widely used in the context of stress and labor pain management. The purpose of this case report is to determine the effectiveness of applying breath relaxation on labor pain in the latent phase of the first stage of labor. The method used in this case study is a case report. This technique was performed in the latent phase of the first stage of labor, namely cervical dilation of 0–3 cm. The instrument used was the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS). The results of this study showed that after applying the deep breathing relaxation technique, the labor pain scale decreased from 6 (moderate pain) to 3 (mild pain). It can be concluded that the application of the deep breathing relaxation technique in laboring mothers in the latent phase of the first stage is effective in reducing the level of labor pain. This technique can be used as a non-pharmacological intervention that is safe, easy to implement, and in accordance with maternity nursing care standards.
Penerapan Pijat Oksitosin dalam Meningkatkan Produksi ASI pada Ibu Post Partum Sectio Caesarea: Case Report
Optimal breast milk production is a major factor in the success of exclusive breastfeeding, but postpartum mothers with cesarean sections often experience suboptimal breast milk production due to ineffective oxytocin hormone stimulation after surgery. Non-pharmacological interventions such as oxytocin massage are reported to stimulate oxytocin hormone secretion, thereby facilitating the let-down reflex and increasing the volume of breast milk available to the baby. The purpose of this case report is to determine the results of the application of oxytocin massage to increase breast milk production in postpartum mothers at PKU Muhammadiyah Gamping Hospital. The case study method focuses on providing nursing interventions to evaluate the results of the intervention in 1 respondent of postpartum cesarean section patients. Data were collected through interviews and observations of postpartum mothers. The results of observations showed a significant increase in optimal breast milk output reaching 80-100 ml and signs of successful breastfeeding such as increased breastfeeding frequency and signs of satiety in the baby. This intervention is concluded to be effective as part of nursing care to address suboptimal breast milk production in postpartum mothers with cesarean sections.
Integrasi Nilai Aswaja dalam Promosi Kesehatan Mental Berbasis Komunitas Perspektif Holistik Maqasid Al-Syariah
This study examines the integration of Ahlussunnah wal Jamaah (Aswaja) values in community-based mental health promotion through the holistic perspective of maqasid al-shariah. The phenomenon of increasing prevalence of mental health disorders in Indonesia, particularly among adolescents and young adults, requires a comprehensive approach that focuses not only on biomedical aspects but also considers the spiritual and socio-cultural dimensions of society. Aswaja values comprising tawasuth (moderation), tawazun (balance), tasamuh (tolerance), and i'tidal (justice) offer a relevant conceptual framework for building psychological well-being of individuals and communities. The research method employs a library research approach with descriptive-analytical analysis of various primary and secondary sources encompassing classical Islamic literature, contemporary Islamic psychology studies, and empirical research related to mental health in religious contexts. The findings indicate that Aswaja principles have significant correlation with psychological well-being indicators, where moderate and balanced attitudes can prevent extremism that potentially disrupts mental health. The concepts of hifzh al-nafs (preservation of life) and hifzh al-'aql (preservation of intellect) in maqasid al-shariah provide strong theological foundations for integrating spiritual values into mental health interventions. This research concludes that the integration of Aswaja values in mental health promotion programs can create a more comprehensive, contextual, and sustainable approach to improving the psychological well-being of Indonesian Muslim communities.
Karakteristik Pasien Pasca-Apendektomi di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Tabanan
Acute appendicitis is one of the most common abdominal surgical emergencies, primarily managed through appendectomy. Post-appendectomy patients require further hospitalization, where indicators such as length of stay, leukocyte levels, and pain intensity are essential to evaluate clinical outcomes. This study aims to describe the characteristics of post-appendectomy patients at Tabanan General Hospital (BRSU Tabanan) in 2023–2024. This research used a descriptive observational design with a cross-sectional approach, and data were collected retrospectively from medical records. Samples were selected using consecutive sampling, with a total of 120 patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data were analyzed univariately and presented in frequency distributions and mean values.The results showed that the mean age of patients was 34.73 ± 13.62 years, with a higher proportion of females (56.7%) compared to males (43.3%). The mean leukocyte count was 12.65 ± 4.22 ×10³/µL, with most patients (56.7%) categorized as mild leukocytosis. The mean length of stay was 2.83 ± 1.54 days, with 93.3% of patients classified as having a short hospitalization period (≤5 days). Most patients had no comorbidities (85%), while hypertension was the most common comorbid disease (61.1%). The mean Visual Analog Scale (VAS) score before appendectomy was 5.34 ± 0.96 (moderate pain), which decreased to 2.42 ± 0.63 (mild pain) after surgery.
Made Bramastya Nugraha Teja Kusuma Mulyawan
Gambaran Penerapan Ketepatan Identifikasi Pasien pada Perawat Pelaksana di Rumah Sakit
Patient safety is a crucial component of healthcare services that must be implemented consistently, one of which is through proper patient identification. Errors in the patient identification process can lead to various safety risks, such as medication errors and inappropriate nursing interventions. This study aimed to describe the correct implementation of patient identification by nurses in a hospital setting. The study employed a descriptive design with a quantitative approach. The research population consisted of all 94 nurses at Sultan Agung Islamic Hospital, and total sampling was applied so that the entire population served as respondents. Data were collected through observation using an assessment instrument for the accuracy of patient identification consisting of 13 statements. Data analysis was conducted univariately to describe the distribution of frequencies and percentages. The results showed that most nurses demonstrated a good level of accuracy in performing patient identification. The majority of respondents were female, had a professional nursing (Ners) educational background, and had a moderate length of work experience. These findings indicate that the implementation of patient identification in the hospital has generally been carried out well. Nevertheless, further efforts are still needed to improve and strengthen nurses’ compliance with patient safety standards, particularly among those in the fair and poor categories. The results of this study are expected to serve as a basis for evaluation and continuous improvement efforts in patient safety, especially related to patient identification in inpatient care units.
Induksi Metastasis Limfonodus oleh DMBA Topikal pada Model Mencit C3H/HeJ dengan Karsinoma Sel Skuamosa
7,12-Dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) is an environmental carcinogen. Topical application of DMBA in mice induces skin tumors with 100% incidence, and approximately 40% progress to squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), which carries a high risk of metastasis. To evaluate lymph node metastasis in SCC following topical administration of 0.125% DMBA. This research was conducted as a laboratory experimental study A total of 200 µl of 0.125% DMBA was applied topically to the dorsal skin of C3H/HeJ mice three times a week for 10 weeks. All mice with SCC showed metastatic deposits in the lymph nodes, characterized by anaplastic cells with hyperchromatic nuclei and a 1:1 nucleus-to-cytoplasm ratio. Significant differences in follicular area were found between the malignant DMBA group and the vehicle (mean difference 0.26; P<0.001), distilled water (0.25; P<0.001), and between the benign DMBA group and both vehicle (0.28; P<0.001) and distilled water (0.27; P < 0.001). No significant differences were observed between the malignant and benign DMBA groups (P = 0.767), or between vehicle and distilled water (P = 0.884). Topical application of 0.125% DMBA for 10 weeks is associated with lymph node metastasis in SCC, which can be identified through histological observation of tumor cell deposits and follicular hyperplasia in lymph nodes.
Hubungan Tingkat Kecemasan dengan Kualitas Tidur pada Pasien Kanker yang Menjalani Kemoterapi di RSUD Dr. Adhyatma Semarang
Cancer is a chronic disease that remains a major health problem and can cause physical and psychological effects, one of which is anxiety, especially in patients undergoing chemotherapy. Uncontrolled anxiety can affect the patient's sleep quality. To determine the relationship between anxiety levels and sleep quality in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy at Dr. Adhyatma Tugu Regional General Hospital in Semarang. This quantitative study used a descriptive correlational design and a cross-sectional approach. The sample consisted of 73 respondents using purposive sampling. The instruments used were the Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety (HARS) and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). The results showed that most respondents experienced moderate anxiety (57.5%) and very poor sleep quality (60.3%). Spearman's rho test showed a strong and significant relationship between anxiety levels and sleep quality (r = 0.724; p < 0.05). There is a strong and significant relationship between anxiety levels and sleep quality in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy at Dr. Adhyatma, MPH Tugu Semarang Regional General Hospital (r = 0.724; p < 0.05).
Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Kepatuhan Konsumsi Tablet Tambah Darah Siswa SMPN 1 Tanah Luas
Among adolescents, especially female students currently studying, anemia remains a health problem that requires attention. Therefore, this study aims to analyze various factors that influence the adherence of students at SMPN 1 Tanah Luas, Tanah Luas District, North Aceh Regency, to iron supplementation tablets, using a quantitative cross-sectional design. The sample used was 40 students selected through a purposive sampling method. The independent variables were peer influence and family support, while the dependent variable was iron supplementation compliance. Data were collected using a questionnaire that had passed validity tests and analyzed using multiple linear regression techniques using SPSS version 25. The results indicated that family support was a significant factor in student adherence, while peer influence did not show a statistically significant relationship. The regression model accounted for 53.4% ​​of the variation in adherence. This study concluded that family support is a factor that significantly influences iron supplementation habits among adolescents. Family involvement is recommended in initiatives aimed at improving iron supplementation compliance.
Gambaran Kejadian Anemia pada Ibu Hamil di Puskesmas Kembaran 1
Anemia during pregnancy is a condition commonly experienced by pregnant women. Insufficient iron intake or low iron levels in food is the main factor causing anemia in pregnant women. According to the World Health Organization (2019), the prevalence of anemia in pregnant women is 41.8%. The purpose of this study was to describe the characteristics and knowledge of pregnant women regarding anemia at Simpang Gambir Public Health Center, Mandailing Natal Regency, in 2021. This study used a descriptive design with a cross-sectional approach. The population consisted of all pregnant women at Simpang Gambir Public Health Center, Mandailing Natal Regency, totaling 53 people. The sample included all 53 pregnant women, using a total sampling technique. The analysis used was univariate analysis. The results showed that the majority of respondents were aged 26–35 years, totaling 35 people (66.%); the majority had a senior high school education, totaling 25 people (47.2%); the majority were employed, totaling 31 people (56.5%); and the majority were multigravida, totaling 33 people (62.3%). The level of knowledge of pregnant women about anemia was categorized as good in 13 people (24.5%), sufficient in 22 people (41.5%), and poor in 18 people (34.0%). It is expected that pregnant women will further improve their knowledge about anemia and apply it in daily life so that they can avoid anemia.
Pengaruh Teman Sebaya, Peran Orang Tua, Peran Sekolah, Pengetahuan dan Peran Penyuluhan terhadap Pernikahan Dini
Early marriage is a marriage that is carried out at a young age, namely under the age of 18 years. Early marriage can be caused by lack of economy from the family, reproductive health, namely where it is seen from reproductive health such as the uterus where the age of the uterus is not mature enough for fertilization. The purpose of this study was to determine the direct and indirect influence between peers, the role of parents, the role of schools, knowledge, and health counseling on early marriage in the SMPN 1 Kopang area, NTB in 2023. The method used in this study is a quantitative approach using a cross-sectional design. The sample used was 84 female students as respondents. The analysis method used is the Structural Equation Model (SEM) using SmartPLS 3.3 and SPSS 20. The results of hypothesis testing with the Structural Equation Model (SEM) with the smart PLS method found that the variable of early marriage is influenced by peers (31.3%), the role of parents (4.63%), the role of schools (9.64%), knowledge (2.04%), counseling (39.48%). The conclusion obtained in this study is that the role of counseling is a dominant factor that greatly influences early marriage. The more often one receives counseling, the more open one's mindset is in carrying out early marriage. It is expected that the schools in this study will provide more counseling, especially health counseling evenly in each class to add information and knowledge to students who attend school there.
Evaluasi Penggunaan Rekam Medis Elektronik (RME) dalam Peningkatan Keamanan Data Pasien di Puskesmas Haurwangi Kabupaten Cianjur
Digital transformation in the health sector has driven the adoption of Electronic Medical Records (EMR) as an innovative solution to replace manual record-keeping systems traditionally used by healthcare providers. The implementation of EMR in primary healthcare centers plays a strategic role, as it has the potential to improve service efficiency, enhance the quality of patient care, and support data integration across service units. Nevertheless, the adoption of EMR also presents new challenges, particularly related to patient data security and protection. This study aims to evaluate the use of Electronic Medical Records in enhancing patient data security at Haurwangi Public Health Center. The research employed a case study design with a descriptive qualitative approach. Data were collected through observation and in-depth interviews using the GAP Analysis: Status of ISO 27001 Implementation – Checklist instrument. The results indicate that the use of EMR at Haurwangi Public Health Center has supported data integration from patient registration to referral processes and facilitated the preparation of both internal and external reports. However, based on the GAP Analysis referring to the ISO 27001:2022 standard, patient data security requirements have not been fully met, resulting in potential risks of data breaches. Therefore, it is necessary to revise strategic policies in line with current regulations, enhance human resource competencies, implement comprehensive risk management, and conduct regular internal and external audits to strengthen information security based on the principles of Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability (CIA Triad).
Analisis Hubungan antara Usia dengan Tingkat Kelelahan Kerja Pekerja Departemen Produksi Perusahaan Pipa Baja di Surabaya
This study aims to determine the relationship between age and work fatigue levels among workers in the Production Department of a steel pipe company in Surabaya. The research design is quantitative with a cross-sectional approach, involving the entire population of workers, with a total of 55 workers as samples using total sampling technique. The dependent variable in this study is work fatigue, and the independent variable is age. Work fatigue level data was measured using a reaction timer, and age data was collected through respondent data sheets. The analysis was conducted using Spearman's test with α = 0.05 using SPSS. The results showed that age and work fatigue levels had a significant relationship (p= <0.001) with a very strong correlation coefficient (r = 0.826). This study suggests that companies pay attention to the factors that cause work fatigue among their workers through regulating working hours and providing brief socialization on fatigue awareness.
Hubungan Intensitas Kebisingan dengan Tingkat Kelelahan pada Pekerja Departemen Produksi Perusahaan Pipa Baja di Surabaya
Noise in the workplace is one of the factors associated with work fatigue. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between work fatigue and noise levels among workers in the production department of a steel pipe company in Surabaya. The sample in this study consisted of 55 workers selected through total sampling. The research design was quantitative with a cross-sectional approach. The independent variable in this study was noise intensity and the dependent variable was work fatigue levels. The analysis used was the contingency coefficient using the SPSS application. The results showed that noise intensity and work fatigue levels had a significant relationship with a p-value = 0.003 (<0.005) and a contingency coefficient (C) of 0.452, indicating a moderate relationship. This study suggests that companies apply noise mapping as a reference for workers so that they can prevent the adverse effects of high noise, especially on increased work fatigue.
Perlindungan Hukum terhadap Perawat dalam Pelimpahan Kewenangan Tindakan Medis oleh Dokter di Puskesmas Rawat Inap
The delegation of medical authority from physicians to nurses is a common practice in primary healthcare services, particularly in inpatient public health centers, as a response to limited medical personnel and the demand for continuous healthcare services. However, delegation that is not conducted in accordance with legal provisions may lead to legal uncertainty and increased risks for nurses. This study aims to analyze legal protection for nurses in the delegation of medical authority by physicians in inpatient public health centers. The research employs a normative juridical method using statutory and conceptual approaches through the examination of legal doctrines and principles related to authority, delegation, and mandate. The findings indicate that although the legal framework governing the delegation of medical authority is normatively well established, its implementation remains suboptimal, particularly with regard to written delegation, physician supervision, and legal awareness among healthcare professionals. Verbal delegation practices and unclear boundaries of authority weaken legal protection for nurses and increase the risk of legal liability. This study emphasizes that delegation of medical authority conducted in writing, on a case-by-case basis, based on nurses’ competencies, and under physician supervision is a fundamental prerequisite for ensuring legal certainty, professional protection, and patient safety.
Hubungan Penggunaan Smartphone Sebelum Tidur terhadap Kualitas Tidur Mahasiswa S1 Ilmu Keperawatan UNISSULA
The increasing use of smartphones among university students has become part of their daily lifestyle and may lead to various impacts, one of which is affecting sleep quality. Using smartphones before bedtime can cause the brain to remain highly active, disrupt the body’s internal clock, and result in shorter and less restful sleep. This study aims to examine how smartphone use before bedtime affects the sleep quality of university students. This study employed an analytic observational design with a cross-sectional approach. The study population consisted of 529 active undergraduate students in the Nursing Science program, with a sample size of 230 respondents determined using the Slovin formula. Data were collected using a questionnaire on smartphone use before bedtime and a sleep quality questionnaire. Data analysis included univariate analysis to describe respondents’ characteristics and bivariate analysis using the Spearman Rank correlation test. The results showed that most participants were 21 years old and female. The majority of students frequently used smartphones before bedtime and had poor sleep quality. The correlation test results indicated a significant relationship between smartphone use before bedtime and students’ sleep quality. The correlation coefficient was r = 0.528 with p < 0.05, indicating a moderately strong relationship. The more frequently students used smartphones before bedtime, the poorer their sleep quality. There is a significant association between smartphone use before bedtime and students’ sleep quality; therefore, education and regulation of smartphone use at night are necessary to improve students’ sleep quality.
Hubungan Dukungan Suami dengan Kepatuhan Kunjungan Antenatal Care (ANC) Ibu Hamil di Puskesmas Godean 1
Compliance with (ANC) visits is an essential effort to reduce the risk of pregnancy complications and maternal mortality. One of the factors influencing ANC visit compliance is husband’s support. This study aimed to determine the relationship between husband’s support and compliance with visits among pregnant women at Godean 1 Public Health Center, Sleman Regency. This study employed a quantitative analytic design with a cross-sectional approach. A total of 65 pregnant women were selected using purposive sampling. Data on husband’s support were collected using a questionnaire, while ANC visit compliance was verified through the Maternal and Child Health (MCH) handbook and medical records. Data were analyzed using Spearman’s rho test. The results showed that most respondents received husband’s support (83.1%) and were compliant with ANC visits (86.2%). There was a significant relationship between husband’s support and ANC visit compliance, with a p-value of 0.000 and a correlation coefficient of 0.888, indicating a very strong relationship. This study concludes that husband’s support plays an important role in improving compliance with visits. Therefore, increasing husband involvement in maternal health services is necessary to support the success of programs.
Upaya Peningkatan Pengetahuan tentang Skoliosis melalui Pendidikan Kesehatan pada Siswa di SMK Bintara Rancaekek
Scoliosis is a musculoskeletal disorder characterized by an abnormal curvature of the spine with a Cobb angle of ≥10°, and most often occurs in adolescents aged 10–18 years. Initial observations at SMK Bintara Rancaekek showed a low level of knowledge among eleventh-grade students regarding scoliosis, including signs and symptoms, risk factors, and prevention efforts. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of health education in improving students' knowledge about scoliosis through a quasi-experimental one-group pretest–posttest design. Education was provided using presentation media, educational videos, leaflets, and a demonstration of the Adam's Forward Bend Test. The pretest results showed that students' knowledge was still low in various aspects, such as understanding the early signs of scoliosis (34.2%), risk factors (52.6%), and the function of physical examinations (15.8%). After being provided with education, there was a significant increase in knowledge in all indicators. Eighty percent of students were able to identify the type of idiopathic scoliosis, 72% understood the risk factors, 88% knew the Cobb angle criteria, and 92% understood the impact of severe scoliosis on the respiratory system. The improvement in posttest scores indicates that health education effectively increased students' understanding and awareness of scoliosis. Health education has been shown to be an important strategy in supporting the early detection and prevention of scoliosis in adolescents, thereby encouraging healthier postural behaviors in the school environment.
Faktor Penyebab Burnout Syndrome pada Pekerja Kantor: Literature Review
Burnout syndrome is a complex condition of work-related exhaustion involving physical, emotional, and mental aspects resulting from prolonged exposure to occupational stress and is increasingly experienced by office workers due to rising job demands and the dynamics of modern organizations. Burnout is characterized by emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and reduced personal accomplishment, which negatively affect employee performance and well-being. This study aims to examine the factors contributing to burnout syndrome in office work settings through a literature review approach. Article searches were conducted using the Google Scholar database with inclusion criteria of publications within the last five years, availability of full-text articles, and relevance to burnout among workers, and were selected using PRISMA guidelines. The synthesis results indicate that burnout among office workers is influenced by high job demands and workload, inadequate work environments and organizational support, as well as individual factors such as age, gender, emotional intelligence, and personal sense of responsibility. These findings suggest that burnout is a multidimensional phenomenon arising from the interaction of job-related, organizational, and individual factors. Therefore, organizations should manage workloads proportionally and strengthen supervisory support and worker-friendly work environments, while employees should be equipped with stress management skills and strategies to maintain work–life balance to prevent burnout syndrome.
Analisis Filsafat Keperawatan Tentang Pencegahan Infeksi Luka Operasi Melalui Pemberian Betadine pada Pasien Luka Operasi Apendiktomi
Surgical wound infection is one of the complications that often occur in postoperative patients and has an impact on increasing morbidity, treatment costs, and length of hospitalization. The purpose of this paper is to analyze surgical wound infection prevention measures through the administration of Betadine in postoperative appendictomy patients reviewed from the perspective of nursing philosophy. The method used is a qualitative approach with an analysis of nursing philosophy that includes three main dimensions, namely ontology, epistemology, and axiology, based on a review of the literature and nursing practice in postoperative wound care. In its implementation, the analysis also considers the standard operational procedures for wound care, aseptic-antiseptic principles, and the patient's clinical context. The results of the analysis show that the administration of Betadine has ontological value as a form of the existence and role of nurses in maintaining the patient's life, epistemological value through the application of scientific knowledge and clinical experience in infection prevention, and axiological value reflected in the ethical attitude, responsibility, and concern of nurses for patient safety. In addition, this action reflects the integration between science, clinical skills, and the values of nursing professionals. Thus, the administration of Betadine is not only understood as a technical measure, but also as a philosophically meaningful nursing practice oriented towards the quality of service and patient safety.
Risk Factors for Bile Duct Injury in Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: A Systematic Review
“Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the gold standard for treating benign gallbladder disease; however, it is associated with a higher incidence of bile duct injury compared to open cholecystectomy. Bile duct injury is a serious iatrogenic complication that contributes to significant morbidity and mortality, making the identification of comprehensive risk factors essential for effective prevention. This study synthesizes recent evidence on risk factors for bile duct injury in laparoscopic cholecystectomy using a systematic review approach, categorizing risks based on patient, disease, operator, and institutional factors. The review followed PRISMA 2020 guidelines with systematic searches of five electronic databases. Observational studies published in English between 2021 and 2025 involving adult patients were included. Data extraction and quality assessment were independently performed by two reviewers using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Ten studies involving 308,053 patients met inclusion criteria. Fibrotic gallbladder showed the strongest association (OR 166.6), followed by age ≥80 years (OR 3.29), gallbladder wall thickness ≥4–5 mm (OR 0.074), and history of acute cholecystitis (OR 0.038). Failure to achieve the Critical View of Safety and anatomical variations, including hepatic duct trifurcation, were key risks. Prevention requires preoperative scoring, strict adherence to the Critical View of Safety, and referral of complex cases to specialized centers.”
Artificial Intelligence and Neuroimplant Applications in Neurological Rehabilitation Following Spinal Cord Injury Surgery: A Systematic Review
In recent years, there has been a significant surge in discussions surrounding artificial intelligence (AI), accompanied by a corresponding increase in its practical applications across various aspects of daily life, including the medical industry. Notably, even in the highly specialized field of spine surgery, AI has been utilized for differential diagnosis, preoperative evaluation, and enhancing surgical precision. Many of these applications have begun to reduce the risk of intraoperative and postoperative complications, as well as improve postoperative care. This article aims to present an overview of studies on the use of AI in neuroregeneration and neurological rehabilitation following spinal cord injury (SCI) surgery. The methodology involves identifying highly cited papers through ScienceDirect and Google Scholar, conducting a comprehensive review of various types of studies, and summarizing neurological rehabilitation applications after SCI surgery to enhance clinicians’ understanding for future utilization. Recent studies indicate that AI technologies are employed in several areas of spine surgery and neurosurgery, including traumatic brain injury and SCI. SCI presents complex physiological, psychological, and cognitive challenges. Assessment of residual neural function and post-injury functional status is conducted to evaluate the extent of recovery, though concerns remain regarding the validity and generalizability of these assessment outcomes.
Anaerobic Digestion sebagai Inovasi Pengolahan Limbah Cair Industri Tahu untuk Menurunkan Dampak terhadap Kesehatan Lingkungan : Literature Review
The tofu industry generates wastewater with high organic content that can cause environmental pollution and pose risks to public health if not properly managed. This study is a literature review aimed at analyzing the effectiveness of anaerobic digestion as a sustainable innovation for tofu wastewater treatment. The review findings indicate that anaerobic digestion is capable of significantly reducing organic pollutant loads, such as biochemical oxygen demand and chemical oxygen demand, while simultaneously producing biogas as a renewable energy source. The application of this technology supports environmentally friendly waste management practices and contributes to resource recovery. Furthermore, the integration of anaerobic digestion systems has the potential to improve production efficiency, reduce water and energy consumption, and minimize adverse health impacts associated with water pollution. The development and implementation of modern monitoring systems can further enhance process stability, optimize fermentation performance, and improve the accuracy of biodigester operation control. Overall, anaerobic digestion represents an effective, strategic, and sustainable solution for managing tofu industry wastewater and promoting healthier environmental development.
Hubungan Tingkat Pengetahuan Pasien Tentang Tindakan Operasi dengan Tingkat Kecemasan Pasien Preoperasi Tindakan Orif di Instalasi Bedah Sentral Rumah Sakit Urip Sumoharjo Bandar Lampung
Surgery is an invasive medical procedure that often causes anxiety in patients, especially in the preoperative phase. One of the factors that affect the level of anxiety is the patient's knowledge of the surgery to be undergone. This study aims to determine the relationship between the level of patient knowledge about the surgical procedure and the level of preoperative anxiety of the Open Reduction Internal Fixation (ORIF) action at the Central Surgical Installation of Urip Sumoharjo Hospital, Bandar Lampung. The study used an analytical quantitative design with a cross sectional approach. The sample amounted to 37 respondents who were selected through purposive sampling technique. The research instruments were in the form of a knowledge level questionnaire and the Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety (HRS-A). Data analysis was carried out univariate and bivariate with Gamma test. The results showed that the majority of respondents had a low level of knowledge (73.0%) and experienced severe anxiety (56.8%). The Gamma test yielded a p-value = 0.003 (< 0.05) with a Gamma coefficient of -0.880, indicating a significant, strong, and negative relationship between the level of knowledge and anxiety. The higher the patient's knowledge, the lower the level of anxiety experienced. These findings confirm the importance of preoperative education for patients to lower anxiety and improve readiness for surgical procedures.
Polip Antrokoanal Angiomatosa pada Remaja 17 Tahun di RSUD Pasar Rebo
Antrochoanal polyps are solitary lesions originating from the maxillary sinus and extending into the nasal cavity and nasopharynx. The angiomatous variant is rare and is characteristically associated with recurrent epistaxis due to prominent vascular proliferation within the polyp. We report a case of a 17-year-old male who presented with recurrent epistaxis for four months, accompanied by nasal obstruction and frequent sneezing. Nasoendoscopic examination revealed a friable mass in the left middle meatus with a tendency to bleed on contact. Computed tomography (CT) scan demonstrated a hyperdense mass measuring approximately 1.5 × 2.2 × 2.7 cm occupying the left nasal cavity and extending into the left maxillary sinus, without evidence of bony destruction. Histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of an angiomatous antrochoanal polyp. The patient initially received conservative medical management aimed at maintaining nasal cavity hygiene, including 0.9% normal saline irrigation, loratadine 10 mg, and cefixime 200 mg, along with education regarding proper nasal hygiene. Definitive treatment was subsequently performed with left-sided Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (FESS). Intraoperative findings a reddish polipoid mass that bled easily was observed, and postoperatively the nasal cavity appeared patent with no residual mass. This case is consistent with the literature, which states that antrochoanal polyps are more common in children and adolescents, are typically unilateral, and that definitive treatment is endoscopic surgery with a good prognosis, although the risk of recurrence remains.
Isolasi dan Karakterisasi Bakteri Asam Laktat pada Food Replacement ‘X’ dan Fermentasi Akar Teratai
Functional foods provide additional health benefits beyond their nutritional value. One approach in the development of functional foods is through fermentation involving lactic acid bacteria (LAB). This study aims to isolate and characterize lactic acid bacteria produced from the fermentation of lotus root and food replacement X as alternative food ingredients. The study was conducted experimentally through a five-day fermentation process at 37°C. The results show that LAB was successfully isolated from the fermentation of lotus root with a colony count of 1.88 × 10⁵ CFU/mL at a 10⁻² dilution, while no LAB growth was found in food replacement X. Four pure isolates were obtained with colony characteristics of round shape, milky white color, non-motile, and catalase-negative. Two isolates were Gram-positive, while the other two were Gram-negative. All isolates showed the ability to survive in acidic pH conditions (pH 3), with isolate EDP 1 having the highest resistance. The results indicate that lotus root fermentation has the potential to be a source of LAB for functional food applications.
Faktor – Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Strategi Koping pada Pasien Kanker Payudara (Ca Mammae) yang Menjalani Kemoterapi di RS Urip Sumoharjo Bandar Lampung
Breast cancer is one of the types of cancer with the highest incidence in women in Indonesia. One of the therapies commonly used in breast cancer management is chemotherapy, but this procedure often causes stress and has an impact on reducing the quality of life of patients. Therefore, effective coping strategies are needed so that patients are able to adapt and face the conditions of the disease they experience. Several factors suspected to be related to coping strategies in breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy include the stage of the disease, the duration of cancer, and family support. Data shows that the number of breast cancer patients in Lampung Province reached 572 people, while at Urip Sumoharjo Hospital, there were 1,949 patients recorded in 2024. This study aims to analyze factors related to coping strategies of breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy at Urip Sumoharjo Hospital, Bandar Lampung. This study is a quantitative study with a cross-sectional approach. The sampling technique used was accidental sampling. The research instruments included a questionnaire on respondent characteristics, a questionnaire on family support, and a questionnaire on coping strategies. The population in this study was all 162 breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy at the hospital, with a sample size of 62 respondents. Data collection was conducted using a questionnaire, while data analysis used the Chi-Square test and the Gamma test. The results showed that the majority of respondents were in stage IV, with 41 respondents (66%). The duration of the disease was mostly in the 2–4 years range, with 29 respondents (47%). Family support was predominantly supportive, with 60 respondents (97%), and adaptive coping strategies were also found in 60 respondents (97%). The analysis showed a significant relationship between the studied variables and the coping strategies of breast cancer patients, with a p-value of 0.001 at the 95% confidence level. Based on these findings, nurses and hospitals are expected to continue providing motivation and support to breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy to improve their quality of life.
Evaluasi Program Pemberian Makanan Tambahan Berbasis Pangan Lokal terhadap Peningkatan Status Gizi Balita di Puskesmas Pelabuhan Sambas
Good nutritional status is a crucial factor in supporting successful human resource development. To improve toddlers’ nutritional status, the government has implemented a supplementary feeding program (PMT) targeting children with nutritional problems. As part of this initiative, a local food-based PMT was conducted for 56 days, focusing on toddlers suffering from malnutrition (wasting) and low body weight (underweight).This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the local food-based PMT in improving the nutritional status of toddlers at the Pelabuhan Sambas Public Health Center in 2024. This evaluation research employed a mixed-methods approach. Data were collected through direct interviews and analyzed using descriptive univariate statistics to determine frequency distributions and percentages.The results indicated that the evaluation of input (facilities, funding, and human resources), process (preparation, implementation, and monitoring), and output (coverage, target accuracy, and timeliness) in the local food-based PMT was in accordance with the 2023 technical guidelines for providing supplementary feeding. Furthermore, there was a significant improvement in toddlers’ nutritional status, as reflected by increases in weight-for-age (W/A), weight-for-height (W/H), and weight-for-length (W/L) indices.In conclusion, the local food-based PMT was effectively implemented in accordance with the 2023 technical guidelines and significantly improved toddlers’ nutritional status. Enhancing program monitoring and encouraging greater community participation may further improve its outcomes.
Pengaruh Dukungan Keluarga dan Pengetahuan Ibu Nifas tentang ASI Eksklusif terhadap Keberhasilan ASI Eksklusif di Puskesmas Alalak Tengah Kota Banjarmasin
Based on World Health Organization (WHO) data, the global coverage of exclusive breastfeeding reached 80% in 2024. However, the success of exclusive breastfeeding is influenced by various factors, including family support and postpartum mothers’ knowledge. Exclusive breastfeeding is the primary nutritional requirement for infants during the first six months of life. Despite its importance, the coverage of exclusive breastfeeding in Indonesia remains relatively low, at 66.01% in 2024. Family support and postpartum mothers’ knowledge regarding exclusive breastfeeding are considered crucial determinants of successful exclusive breastfeeding practices. This study aimed to analyze the influence of family support and postpartum mothers’ knowledge about exclusive breastfeeding on the success of exclusive breastfeeding at Alalak Tengah Public Health Center, Banjarmasin City. This research employed a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional design. A total of 38 postpartum mothers were selected using purposive sampling. Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate analyses with the Chi-Square test. The results showed a significant relationship between family support (p = 0.005) and maternal knowledge (p = 0.000) with the success of exclusive breastfeeding. Most mothers who had good family support and high knowledge successfully practiced exclusive breastfeeding, accounting for 28 out of 38 postpartum mothers. It can be concluded that family support and postpartum mothers’ knowledge significantly influence the success of exclusive breastfeeding.
Evaluasi Formulasi Sediaan Mikroenkapsulasi Ekstrak Etanol Herba Seledri (Apium graveolens L.)
Celery (Apium graveolens L.) is an herbal plant containing bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, saponins, and triterpenoids that have the potential to lower blood glucose levels. However, the stability and absorption of its active compounds still need to be developed. One effort to improve the stability and effectiveness of the extract is through microencapsulation technology. This study aims to formulate and evaluate the physical characteristics of microencapsulated preparations containing celery herb ethanol extract. The method used includes making the extract by maceration technique using 80% ethanol, then formulation using alginate and chitosan polymers with ionic gelation method using CaCl2 solution. Evaluation of the preparation includes stability test, water content and adhesion test on the gastric mucosa. The results showed that the microcapsules remained stable, there were no physical changes after six cycles. The adhesion test showed that the extract concentration of 0% (blank) had the highest adhesion ability and the lowest water content was 0.25%.