Jurnal Ilmiah Kedokteran dan Kesehatan, ISSN: 2809-235X (cetak), ISSN: 2809-2090 (online), diterbitkan 3 (tiga) kali dalam satu tahun, yaitu edisi Januari, Mei, dan September. Jurnal ini terakreditasi SINTA 5 (Surat Keputusan Direktur Jenderal Pendidikan Tinggi, Riset, dan Teknologi Nomor 10/C/C3/DT.05.00/2025 tanggal 21 Maret 2025 tentang Peringkat Akreditasi Jurnal Ilmiah Periode I Tahun 2025) dimulai dari Volume 1 Nomor 2 Tahun 2022 sampai Volume 6 Nomor 1 Tahun 2027. Jurnal Ilmiah Kedokteran dan Kesehatan menyajikan hasil penelitian dan tinjauan pustaka sehingga jurnal ini bermanfaat bagi dokter, pengambil kebijakan, tenaga kesehatan, dosen serta mahasiswa yang tertarik dengan publikasi ilmiah terkait Ilmu Kedokteran dan Kesehatan. Indexed by; Journal Sponsors and Partners;
Pendekatan Biopsikososial dalam Memahami Kesehatan Mental
Mental health is a fundamental component of overall health that influences quality of life, productivity, and individuals’ social functioning. The development of mental disorders, such as depression and anxiety disorders, cannot be explained by a single factor; rather, it results from the interaction of multiple multidimensional determinants. This literature review aims to analyze the contribution of biological, psychological, and social factors to mental health based on current scientific evidence. This study employed a systematic narrative review approach. Literature searches were conducted in PubMed and Google Scholar databases using keywords related to mental health and biopsychosocial factors. The inclusion criteria comprised studies involving human populations published between 2015 and 2025 with observational, systematic review, or meta-analysis designs. Data were analyzed narratively to identify consistent patterns of findings. The results indicate that biological factors, such as genetic predisposition, neurotransmitter dysregulation, and medical comorbidities, increase vulnerability to mental disorders. Psychological factors, including coping strategies, emotion regulation, and exposure to stress and trauma, influence individuals’ psychological conditions. Social factors, such as social support, socioeconomic status, work or academic environment, and stigma, also play a significant role. In conclusion, mental health is the result of a dynamic interaction among biological, psychological, and social factors. Therefore, a comprehensive biopsychosocial approach is essential in promotive, preventive, and curative efforts.
Copyright (c) 2026 Jurnal Ilmiah Kedokteran dan Kesehatan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Edukasi Pemanfaatan Daun Kelor dengan Media Audio Visual terhadap Mean Arterial Preasure pada Penderita Hipertensi
Hypertension is a major public health problem that significantly contributes to morbidity and mortality due to cardiovascular diseases. Effective hypertension management requires not only pharmacological therapy but also non-pharmacological approaches supported by appropriate health education. This study aimed to analyze the effect of Moringa oleifera leaf decoction combined with audio-visual health education on the reduction of Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP) among patients with hypertension. This study employed a quasi-experimental design with a control group pre-test and post-test approach. A total of 32 respondents were selected using purposive sampling and divided into an intervention group and a control group, each consisting of 16 participants. The intervention group received health education on the utilization of Moringa oleifera leaves through audio-visual media and consumed Moringa oleifera leaf decoction for seven consecutive days, while the control group received health education without the herbal intervention. MAP measurements were conducted before and after the intervention. Data were analyzed using the Paired Sample T-Test and Independent Sample T-Test. The results showed a significant decrease in MAP in the intervention group compared to the control group, with a p-value of 0.001 (p < 0.05). These findings indicate that the administration of Moringa oleifera leaf decoction combined with audio-visual-based health education is effective in reducing Mean Arterial Pressure among patients with hypertension. This intervention may serve as a supportive non-pharmacological strategy for hypertension management in primary healthcare settings.
Kesehatan Bank dan Kebijakan Dividen: Pengaruh BOPO terhadap Dividend Payout Tatio pada Bank di BEI 2021–2024
This study examines the relationship between bank soundness measured using the CAMEL approach and the Dividend Payout Ratio of banking companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the 2021–2024 period, with particular attention to managerial efficiency represented by BOPO. A quantitative approach with an associative research design is applied. Secondary data are collected from annual financial reports and dividend distribution reports. The sample is selected through purposive sampling, resulting in 20 banks with a total of 80 observations. Data analysis is performed using multiple linear regression with the assistance of SPSS, preceded by descriptive statistics and classical assumption tests. The simultaneous test indicates that CAR, NPL, BOPO, ROA, and LDR jointly influence the Dividend Payout Ratio. The partial test shows that CAR has a significant negative effect on the Dividend Payout Ratio, whereas LDR has a significant positive effect. In contrast, NPL, BOPO, and ROA do not show significant effects at the 5 percent significance level. The coefficient of determination suggests that the CAMEL variables explain only a limited portion of the variation in the Dividend Payout Ratio, indicating that other factors beyond the research model also contribute to banking dividend policy. These findings suggest that dividend policy in the banking sector during the observation period tends to respond more strongly to capital strengthening priorities and intermediation or liquidity dynamics than to credit risk, operational efficiency, or asset profitability.
Hubungan antara Status Gizi dan Kualitas Tidur dengan Kelelahan Kerja pada Pekerja Operator Produksi PT PLN Nusantara Power UP Gresik
Work fatigue represents a key occupational health issue that diminishes worker productivity and heightens accident risks. This study aims to examine the relationship between nutritional status, sleep quality, and work fatigue among production operators at PT PLN Nusantara Power UP Gresik. Employing a quantitative approach with an observational analytic design via cross-sectional method, the research included 50 production operators as the population, selected through total sampling. The dependent variable was work fatigue, while nutritional status and sleep quality served as independent variables. Work fatigue was assessed using the Industrial Fatigue Research Committee (IFRC) questionnaire, nutritional status via Body Mass Index (BMI), and sleep quality with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Data analysis utilized Pearson correlation test on SPSS at α = 0.05. Findings revealed a significant association between nutritional status and work fatigue (p = 0.009; r = 0.364), alongside a strong significant link between sleep quality and work fatigue (p < 0.001; r = 0.686).
Pulsed Radiofrequency Therapy in Eldeerly People with Trigeminal Neuralgia: A Case Report
Introduction: A face nerve disorder known as trigeminal neuralgia is regarded as one of the most excruciating human ailments. Depending on the patient's medical comorbidities, trigeminal ganglion interventional techniques can lessen discomfort. The application of brief radiofrequency pulses via a needle tip that do not result in genuine thermal lesions is known as Pulsed Radiofrequency (PRF) therapy. Case: Elderly man complained of pain in the right upper and lower jaw. He was diagnosed atypical trigeminal neuralgia. The man got pulsed radiofrequency on the right trigeminal nerve with the help of C-arm, with temperature specifications of 42o C, voltage 45V, pulse width 20 ms, frequency 2 Hz, with a duration of 8 minutes. 1 week after the procedure, the VAS became 0. Oral therapy still continued. Discussion: The most prevalent cranial neuropathy is trigeminal neuralgia (TM). Traditional RF for TM is not without its problems. Research indicates that both early and late alterations in cellular activity, unaffected by temperature, take place in the cervical dorsal root ganglion (DRG) and rat dorsal horn following PRF exposure. According to meta-analysis, PRF is safer and more effective than conventional radiofrequency. By decreasing phosphorylated extracellular signal regulated kinase (a central sensitization biomarker), decreasing Ca 2+ influx, which lowers nerve cell potential activity, and decreasing mitochondrial membrane potential, which lowers cytosolic ATP levels, PRF modifies sensory ganglion nerve cells. Reduced sensitivity to pain results from a decrease in nerve ganglion cell activity. Conclusion PRF for trigeminal neuralgia can be alternative treatment with better safety and efficacy.
Hubungan Antara Faktor Klinis dengan Perilaku Self Management pada Pasien Hemodialisis di RSD K.R.M.T Wongsonegoro Semarang
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a condition characterized by an irreversible decline in kidney function, necessitating hemodialysis. Self-management is a crucial strategy in modifying the lifestyle of CKD patients undergoing hemodialysis. Several clinical factors, including disease duration, duration of hemodialysis, frequency of hemodialysis, complications, and comorbidities, influence self-management. This study aims to examine the relationship between clinical factors and self-management behavior in hemodialysis patients at RSD K.R.M.T Wongsononegoro, Semarang. This study used an analytical observational method with a cross-sectional approach. The sampling technique used was total sampling, involving 50 respondents. Data collection was conducted using a structured questionnaire and the Hemodialysis Patient Self-Care Measurement Scale. The relationship analysis was performed using the Spearman’s rank and mann-whitney test. The average duration of illness and hemodialysis among respondents was 32.92 months, with a mean self-management score of 64.02. All 50 respondents (100%) underwent hemodialysis twice a week. The majority of respondents experienced complications (n=45, 90%) and comorbidities (n=41, 82%). Spearman’s rank analysis indicated no significant relationship between disease duration and self-management (p=0.529) or between hemodialysis duration and self-management (p=0.529). The relationship between hemodialysis frequency and self-management could not be analyzed, as all patients underwent hemodialysis twice a week. Furthermore, the Mann-Whitney test showed no significant difference in self-management scores concerning complications (p=0.650) or comorbidities (p=0.960). There is no association between disease duration, duration of hemodialysis, frequency of hemodialysis, complications, and comorbidities with self-management behavior.
Hubungan Antara Konsep Diri dengan Kualitas Hidup Pasien yang Menjalani Kemoterapi di Ruang Kemoterapi RS Urip Sumoharjo Tahun 2025
The number of cancer cases worldwide based on GLOBOCAN 2020, an online database from the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), reached 19.3 million cases in 2020, increasing compared to 18.1 million cases in 2018. This increase reflects the growing global burden of cancer and its impact on patients’ quality of life. This study aimed to determine the relationship between self-concept and quality of life among patients undergoing chemotherapy at RS Urip Sumoharjo in 2025. This study employed a quantitative research design with a cross-sectional approach. The research was conducted in November 2025 using an accidental sampling technique, involving a total of 58 respondents. Data were collected using questionnaires, and data analysis was performed using computer-based statistical analysis with the Gamma test. The results showed a significant relationship between self-concept and quality of life among patients undergoing chemotherapy, with a p-value of 0.000 (p < 0.05). In addition, the correlation coefficient (r) was 0.931, indicating a very strong and positive relationship. These findings suggest that patients with a more positive self-concept tend to have a better quality of life while undergoing chemotherapy. It is recommended that patients improve self-understanding and self-acceptance through active participation in educational and counseling programs provided by healthcare facilities, in order to enhance their quality of life during chemotherapy.
Review Artikel: Pengaruh Sistem Emulsi Lipid terhadap Farmakokinetika Obat Lipofili
Lipophilic drugs have low water solubility and often exhibit inconsistent absorption profiles, which can lead to suboptimal therapeutic outcomes in clinical use. Lipid-based drug delivery systems have emerged as a promising and widely studied formulation strategy because they are able to significantly enhance the solubility, bioavailability, and systemic distribution of lipophilic drugs. This study aims to identify how various lipid emulsion systems modify the pharmacokinetic profile of lipophilic drugs, compare the differences in effects among different types of emulsions, and highlight the key formulation characteristics that contribute to these pharmacokinetic parameter changes. The study was conducted through a comprehensive literature review of national and international scientific articles published between 2015 and 2025. The results indicate that lipid emulsion systems modify pharmacokinetics primarily through increased drug dissolution, accelerated absorption processes, reduced first-pass metabolism, and facilitation of lymphatic transport pathways. These mechanisms consistently result in increased Cmax, AUC, and overall bioavailability. The formulation characteristics that strongly influence these outcomes include nano-sized droplet distribution, lipid type selection, surfactant and co-surfactant composition, amorphous drug form, and the physical stability of the emulsion system.
Hubungan antara Psychosocial Safety Climate dengan Depressive Symptoms pada Karyawan PT X
Depressive symptoms in the workplace are an occupational health issue that needs attention. Psychosocial Safety Climate (PSC) is considered one of the key factors that can protect employees’ psychological well-being. This study aims to analyze the relationship between psychosocial safety climate and depressive symptoms among employees of PT X. A quantitative cross-sectional approach was employed, involving total sampling of 30 employees. Psychosocial safety climate was measured using the PSC-12 questionnaire, while depressive symptoms were assessed using the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II). Data analysis was conducted using the Spearman rank correlation test. The majority of workers were male (53%) and aged between 31–35 years (40%). Most participants were categorized as having mild depression (13 individuals; 43.3%). In terms of psychosocial safety climate, the majority were classified in the high-risk category (15 individuals; 50%). The results of the Spearman correlation test indicated a significant positive relationship between psychosocial safety climate and depressive symptoms (p < 0.001; r = 0.702). This suggests that higher levels of PSC risk are associated with higher levels of depressive symptoms among employees. Therefore, management is recommended to strengthen PSC-related practices and implement workplace-based mental health programs.
Hubungan Personal Hygiene, Sanitasi Lingkungan, dan Status Gizi Terhadap Infeksi Cacing Usus Di SDN 3 Pringgabaya Kabupaten Lombok Timur
Parasitic worm infections in the intestines remain a major public health concern among children, particularly in areas where hygiene practices and environmental cleanliness are still lacking. Primary school-aged children are more susceptible because they often come into direct contact with soil and tend to have suboptimal personal hygiene behaviors. These infections may disrupt the body’s ability to absorb nutrients and can adversely affect overall nutritional status. Several factors are thought to contribute to the risk of infection, including individual hygiene practices, environmental sanitation conditions, and nutritional status. This study was conducted to examine the relationship between personal hygiene, environmental sanitation, and nutritional status with the occurrence of intestinal helminth infections among students of SDN 3 Pringgabaya, East Lombok Regency. The research applied a cross-sectional approach and involved 37 respondents who met predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Information on hygiene practices and environmental sanitation was collected using questionnaires. Nutritional status was assessed through anthropometric measurements based on Body Mass Index for Age (BMI-for-Age), while infection status was determined באמצעות microscopic examination of stool samples. The results indicated that 8 respondents (21.6%) were infected. Most participants demonstrated good personal hygiene (81.1%), adequate environmental sanitation (64.9%), and normal nutritional status (62.2%). Statistical analysis showed a significant relationship between personal hygiene (p=0.000) and environmental sanitation (p=0.001) with the incidence of infection, whereas nutritional status was not significantly associated (p=0.323). Therefore, improving hygiene practices and maintaining proper environmental sanitation are crucial preventive measures against intestinal helminth infections.
Karakteristik Individu dan Stres Kerja pada Operator Unit Produksi di Industri bidang Ketenagalistrikan: Analisis Usia, Masa Kerja, dan Tingkat Pendidikan
Work stress is an occupational health issue that can affect workers’ well-being and job performance. Individual responses to work stress may vary and can be affected by individual characteristics such as age, length of service, and educational level. The relationship between individual characteristics and workstress among operators at PT X was examined in this study. This study used a quantitative descriptive correlational design with a cross-sectional approach. The study was involving 31 operators from the production unit of PT X selected using random sampling. Work stress data were collected using the OSI-R™ questionnaire and analyzed using the Spearman correlation test. Most respondents were aged 45–54 years (42%), had ≥30 years of service (58%), and had a senior high school/vocational education level (61%). Most operators experienced moderate work stress (55%). The analysis age and length of service were significantly related to work stress (p < 0.001), while educational level was not significantly related to work stress (p = 0.518). Age and length of service were associated with work stress among PT X operators, where older workers and those with longer tenure tended to experience lower work stress.
The Hubungan Pola Makan, Aktivitas Fisik, dan Tingkat Stres dengan Kejadian Hipertensi pada Ibu Hamil di Kelurahan Talang Putri Kota Palembang
Hypertension in pregnancy remains an important maternal health problem because it contributes to maternal morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to analyze the association of dietary pattern, physical activity, and stress level with the incidence of hypertension among pregnant women in Talang Putri Subdistrict, Palembang City. A quantitative study with a case-control design was conducted. The sample consisted of 78 respondents, including 26 cases and 52 controls, selected by simple random sampling from third-trimester pregnant women recorded in 2025 and 2026. Data were collected through interviews using a modified food frequency questionnaire, the 2018 Riskesdas physical activity instrument, and the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale for stress assessment. Bivariate analysis used the chi-square test at a 5% significance level and odds ratio estimation. The results showed that dietary pattern was significantly associated with hypertension in pregnancy (p=0.000; OR=12.4). Physical activity was also significantly associated with hypertension (p=0.032; OR=3.07). Similarly, stress level had a significant association with hypertension (p=0.000; OR=11.4). In conclusion, poor dietary pattern, heavy physical activity, and severe stress were associated with hypertension among pregnant women. These findings highlight the need for nutrition education, physical activity regulation, and stress management in antenatal care.
Intervensi Perilaku dan Aktivitas Fisik pada Pasien Gangguan Bipolar dengan Obesitas dan Emotional Eating: Laporan Kasus
Obesity is a growing global health problem. Obesity is more common among patients with bipolar disorder than in the general population and has been associated with greater clinical burden, including depressive symptoms, impaired functioning, poorer quality of life, and metabolic complications. Case Presentation: A 38-year-old woman with a five-year history of bipolar III disorder presented with a 15 kg weight gain over two years. She had a history of manic episodes followed by depressive episodes. During depressive phases, she reported fatigue, low motivation, emotional eating, increased appetite, and preference for high-carbohydrate foods. She had been treated with valproate 750 mg/day and olanzapine 10 mg/day. Management included pharmacotherapy review, switching olanzapine to lurasidone due to lower metabolic risk, nutritional counselling, structured physical activity, cognitive behavioral strategies for emotional eating, sleep routine education, and family support. Conclusion: Behavioral intervention combined with regular physical activity may be a relevant adjunctive approach for patients with bipolar disorder, obesity, and emotional eating. This case highlights the need to assess eating behavior, sleep routine, physical activity, metabolic risk, and adaptive coping strategies in patients with bipolar disorder and obesity.
Copyright (c) 2026 Meidian Sari, Abdullah Sahab, Lilis Khairani, Ahmad Ghiffari, Raden Ayu Tanzila https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Kejadian Heat strain pada Pekerja Industri: Literature review
Hot work environments are a frequently overlooked health risk factor in Indonesia’s small and medium-scale manufacturing sector. This study aims to analyze the factors associated with heat strain incidents among industrial workers through a literature review of 8 national articles published between 2021 and 2025, sourced from Google Scholar, Garuda Kemdikbud, and institutional repositories. The results of the review indicate that workplace heat stress is the most dominant factor associated with heat strain, identified in 5 of the 8 analyzed articles. Inadequate water intake, high physical workload, and excessive work duration were also found to significantly contribute to the risk of heat strain. In addition, individual factors such as age, nutritional status, underlying health conditions, and medication use were found to influence workers’ susceptibility to heat strain, although the consistency of findings across studies remains variable. Environmental and organizational factors, particularly poor ventilation and insufficient workplace cooling systems, further exacerbate exposure to heat stress. The interaction between these physical and individual risk factors suggests that heat strain is a multifactorial occupational health issue rather than a single-cause condition. Therefore, managing heat strain requires a comprehensive approach that includes workplace environmental management, ensuring adequate fluid intake, regulating work-rest cycles, improving occupational safety supervision, and conducting regular health screenings to reduce long-term health risks among workers.
Copyright (c) 2026 Nyndia Syafira Nofanto, Meirinia Ernawati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Hubungan Kejadian Dry Eye Syndorme pada Pasien Glaukoma terhadap Lama Penggunaan Obat Tetes Mata Topikal
Introduction: Glaucoma is a leading cause of irreversible blindness that requires long-term treatment using topical eye drops. Prolonged use, especially those containing preservatives, may cause ocular surface damage and lead to dry eye syndrome, affecting patients’ quality of life. Purpose: This study aimed to determine the relationship between long-term use of topical eye drops and the incidence of dry eye syndrome in glaucoma patients. Methods:This study used an observational analytic design with a cross-sectional approach involving 52 respondents. Data were collected using the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire to assess dry eye symptoms. Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate analysis with a significance level of p < 0.05. Results: The majority of respondents were female (73.1%) and aged 50 –59 years (30.8%). Most respondents experienced severe dry eye syndrome (32.7%). The bivariate analysis showed a p-value of 0.001 (p < 0.05), indicating a significant relationship between long-term use of eye drops and dry eye syndrome. Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between long-term use of topical eye drops and the incidence of dry eye syndrome in glaucoma patients.
Copyright (c) 2026 Yunani Setyandriana, Muhammad Baharuddin Yusuf https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Pengembangan Modul Kerja Ergonomis dengan Pendekatan pada Komunitas Pengrajin Anyaman Daun di Kabupaten Jombang
Introduction: Pandan leaf weaving artisans in Jombang Regency are part of the creative economy sector that contributes to community welfare. However, their work is still dominated by non-ergonomic postures, traditional tools, and less supportive environments, increasing the risk of musculoskeletal disorders and reducing productivity.Objective: This activity aims to develop and implement a community-based ergonomic work module to improve artisans’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices, as well as to empower Occupational Health Effort Post (Pos UKK) cadres as agents of change.Methods: A participatory approach was used through preparation, implementation, and monitoring and evaluation stages. Activities included training Pos UKK cadres in ergonomic workstation development and public speaking, training artisans in ergonomic practices, and developing educational media such as X-banners, pocket books, hand fans, and videos. Evaluation used pre-test and post-test to measure knowledge changes.Results: Most respondents had basic to intermediate education levels and long work experience. The Wilcoxon test showed a significant increase in knowledge after the intervention, with 58 of 60 respondents improving their post-test scores. A p-value of 0.000 (p < 0.05) indicates a significant positive effect of the intervention.Conclusion: The community-based ergonomic work module effectively improves artisans’ knowledge of ergonomic principles. This approach, along with the involvement of Pos UKK cadres, supports sustainable implementation, reducing musculoskeletal risks and improving comfort and productivity.
Copyright (c) 2026 Putri Ayuni Alayyannur, Bian Shabri Putri Irwanto, Shinta Arta Mulia, Addien Nadira, Muhammad Iqbal Ridho Maulana Arifin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Asuhan Akupuntur pada Kasus Sulit Buang Air Besar di Praktik Mandiri Sely Meting Pluit Jakarta Utara
Constipation is a global health problem experienced by about 14% of the adult population and 30% of the elderly. Around 23% occurs in women and 11% in men in Asia, including Indonesia. The aim of the study was to provide acupuncture care for constipation cases at Sely Meting Independent Practice, Pluit, North Jakarta. The research method used was a case study, with a sample of 1 person using purposive sampling, and data collection was carried out using a client data sheet instrument (DSI). The acupuncture points used in the therapy were LI4, KI6, LI11, SP15, BL25, ST25, ST44. The therapy was provided in 12 sessions, twice a week for 6 weeks. The analysis of the case study results used content analysis. Research using the case study method found a significant difference between the first therapy session and the twelfth therapy session. Patient complaints in the final session improved from difficulty in bowel movements to normal. Acupuncture therapy at this point can be recommended to therapists in managing patients based on syndromes and a high-fibre diet therapy.
Copyright (c) 2026 Sely Meting, Amal Prihatono, Mayang Wulandari, Chantika Mahadini https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Literatur Review: Edukasi Kesehatan Dalam Meningkatkan Perilaku Hidup Bersih Dan Sehat (PHBS)
Clean and Healthy Living Behavior (PHBS) is an important effort to improve public health status through the implementation of healthy habits in daily life. However, the level of public awareness and understanding regarding PHBS is still relatively low, causing various health problems related to poor hygiene and unhealthy lifestyles. This literature review aimed to analyze the effectiveness of health education in improving Clean and Healthy Living Behavior among students and communities. The method used in this study was a literature review by analyzing scientific articles published between 2020 and 2026 from national and international journals related to health education and PHBS. The findings showed that health education had a significant positive effect on increasing knowledge, attitudes, and healthy behaviors. Various educational methods such as counseling, demonstrations, simulations, audiovisual media, interactive discussions, and digital media were proven effective in improving participants’ understanding and awareness regarding personal and environmental hygiene. In addition, continuous and interactive educational approaches were able to encourage sustainable healthy habits in schools, households, and communities. The implication of this study indicates that health education should be implemented continuously using innovative and participatory approaches to create a healthier society and improve overall quality of life.
Copyright (c) 2026 M Bachtiar Safrudin, Risnawati Sari, Marlina Damayanti, Anita Pasha Dwi Wulandari, Salsabil Wulandari Saputri, Husnul Khotimah Mei Syahadati Saragih, Fadhila Zarifa Az Zahra, Nabilah Fikriyah Sarah, Nathania Zahra Hafizha, Novita Ramadhany, Sandriana Putri Faysha, Syalum Fayzayunda https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Acute Total Bowel Obstruction Caused by Locally Advanced Rectal Carcinoma without Confirmed Distant Metastasis: A Case Report
Rectal cancer may present with nonspecific symptoms that are frequently overlooked, leading to delayed diagnosis and advanced disease. Acute bowel obstruction is a severe complication associated with increased morbidity and emergency surgical management. A 49-year-old male presented with a three-day history of inability to defecate and pass flatus, accompanied by severe abdominal pain, distension, vomiting, and fever. He had a two-year history of an untreated anal mass, chronic constipation, rectal bleeding, and significant weight loss. Physical examination revealed a friable mass completely obstructing the anal canal. Imaging showed obstructive ileus and generalized peritonitis. Emergency exploratory laparotomy revealed a large, fixed tumor at the distal rectum with extensive bowel dilatation. Transverse colostomy and tumor debulking were performed. The postoperative diagnosis was rectal carcinoma staged intraoperatively as T4bN1Mx. This case demonstrates that severe local tumor progression may result in life-threatening obstruction even in the absence of confirmed distant metastasis at presentation. Diagnostic delay and emergency presentation significantly influence management strategy and outcomes. Rectal cancer can progress to total bowel obstruction due to extensive local disease. Early evaluation of chronic anorectal symptoms is crucial to avoid emergency presentations and associated complications.
Copyright (c) 2026 Rizky Hardwiansyah, Begard Mada Sagaling, Sahrul Anam, Wisnu Widiyatmoko https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Review Artikel: Penggunaan Metode Kualitatif dalam Penelitian Telefarmasi
The application of qualitative approaches in healthcare research, especially within the pharmaceutical field, continues to grow. One area where these methods are increasingly utilized is telepharmacy research, which requires deeper exploration to better understand the perceptions and experiences of both patients and healthcare providers. This article aims to present an overview of qualitative methods that can serve as a foundation for future studies. The study employed a literature review design using a narrative approach, analyzing 12 selected articles that met predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The findings revealed a diversity in research designs and data collection techniques, highlighting the adaptability of qualitative methods in capturing respondents’ perspectives and experiences in telepharmacy settings. Additionally, several studies reported the use of qualitative data analysis software to facilitate the coding process. In conclusion, the most commonly applied approach was exploratory qualitative research, often utilizing semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions (FGDs). The collected data were primarily analyzed using thematic analysis, supported by software such as NVivo, MAXQDA, ATLAS.ti, and Microsoft Excel.
Copyright (c) 2026 Fara Mutia Bimantika, Mahacita Andanalusia, Azizatul Adni, Silhiyatun Mayada, Lalu M. Rifqi Azami S https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Determinants of Somatic Symptoms in Menopausal Women: The Role of Body Mass Index, Hemoglobin Levels, and Age
Background: Menopause is a physiological condition characterized by the permanent cessation of ovarian function and is often accompanied by somatic symptoms that may impair women's quality of life. Biological factors, including hemoglobin (Hb) levels, nutritional status, and age, may contribute to the occurrence of somatic symptoms among menopausal women. Objective: To analyze the association of hemoglobin levels, mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC), and age with somatic symptoms among menopausal women in Pasir Lor Village, Karanglewas District, Banyumas. Methods: This quantitative study employed an observational analytic design with a cross-sectional approach. A total of 67 menopausal women were recruited using total sampling. Hemoglobin levels were measured using a digital hemoglobinometer, MUAC was assessed using a measuring tape, age was obtained through interviews, and somatic symptoms were evaluated using the somatic domain of the Menopause Rating Scale (MRS). Data were analyzed using Spearman correlation and multiple linear regression tests. Results: The mean Hb level was 13.05±1.27 g/dL, MUAC was 26.97±3.38 cm, age was 54 (43–70) years, and the somatic symptom score was 3 (0–12). Hb (r=-0.341; p=0.005) and MUAC (r=-0.277; p=0.023) were significantly and negatively correlated with somatic symptoms. Age was not significantly associated with somatic symptoms (r=0.064; p=0.609). Multiple linear regression identified Hb as the most dominant factor associated with somatic symptoms (β=-0.290; p=0.016). Conclusion: Hemoglobin levels and MUAC were significantly associated with somatic symptoms among menopausal women, whereas age was not. Hemoglobin level was the strongest predictor of somatic symptoms.
Copyright (c) 2026 Sumarni Sumarni, Dyah Puji Astuti, Fitria Prabandari, Ossie Happinasari https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Hubungan Tingkat Pengetahuan Kontrasepsi Kondom pada Pasangan Usia Subur (PUS)
Family Planning (FP) is one of the government's strategic programs aimed at improving family welfare through birth control and reproductive health enhancement. Couples of reproductive age are the primary target of this program because they have a high probability of pregnancy. However, the use of condom contraception remains relatively low compared to other contraceptive methods. Knowledge is considered one of the factors influencing an individual's behavior in selecting contraceptive methods. This study aimed to determine the effect of educational intervention on knowledge levels and condom contraceptive use among couples of reproductive age. This study employed a quantitative pre-experimental design using a one-group pretest-posttest approach. The sample consisted of 32 respondents selected using purposive sampling techniques. Data were collected through structured questionnaires and analyzed using descriptive statistics and the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. The findings showed a significant difference in knowledge levels before and after intervention (p=0.000), as well as a significant difference in condom contraceptive use before and after intervention (p=0.000). The study indicates that educational intervention effectively improved knowledge and increased condom contraceptive use among couples of reproductive age. These findings suggest that health education programs may contribute to improving reproductive health behavior within the community.
Copyright (c) 2026 Vilsha Ola Lolo Baso; Rani Safitri https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Pengaruh Pemberian Asuhan dengan Oil Organik terhadap Penurunan Nyeri Bendungan Asi pada Ibu Nifas
Breast engorgement is one of the common problems experienced by postpartum mothers due to increased breast milk production that is not balanced by optimal milk release, causing pain, discomfort, and disruption of the breastfeeding process. Non-pharmacological management is widely used because it is considered safer and easier to apply. One alternative intervention is the use of organic oil consisting of Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) and lemongrass as a complementary treatment. This study aimed to determine the effect of providing care using organic oil on reducing breast engorgement pain in postpartum mothers. This study used a quantitative method with a pre-experimental design using a one-group pretest-posttest approach. The sample consisted of 32 postpartum mothers experiencing breast engorgement selected through purposive sampling. Pain intensity was measured using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), and data analysis was performed using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. The findings showed a significant effect of organic oil intervention on reducing breast engorgement pain with a significance value of 0.000 (p<0.05). Most respondents experienced a decrease in pain intensity after the intervention. The findings imply that organic oil consisting of VCO and lemongrass can be considered an alternative non-pharmacological intervention in reducing breast engorgement pain among postpartum mothers.
Copyright (c) 2026 Marni Sasmita; Rani Safitri https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Karakteristik Organoleptik dan Daya Terima Kukis Lidah Kucing dengan Substitusi Tepung Biji Labu Kuning dan Tepung Hati Sapi
Iron deficiency anemia remains a prevalent nutritional problem in Indonesia, with a prevalence of 15.5% among adolescent girls aged 15–24 years based on the 2023 Indonesian Health Survey (SKI). This study aimed to analyze the organoleptic characteristics and acceptability of lidah kucing cookies with yellow pumpkin seed flour and beef liver flour substitution as an alternative snack for anemia-prone adolescent girls. This study used a true experimental design with a Completely Randomized Design (CRD), consisting of four formulas: F0 (100% wheat flour), F1 (50%:40%:10%), F2 (50%:35%:15%), and F3 (50%:30%:20%), representing proportions of wheat flour, yellow pumpkin seed flour, and beef liver flour respectively. Organoleptic quality testing was conducted by 3 limited panelists, while hedonic testing was conducted by 30 untrained panelists aged 14–16 years. Statistical analysis used the Shapiro-Wilk test for normality and the Friedman test for differences in acceptability among formulas. Results showed that F1 had the best organoleptic quality characteristics, with a yellowish-green color, slightly fishy aroma, crunchy and slightly coarse texture, and slightly sweet taste with a faint fishy aftertaste. The Friedman test indicated significant differences (p<0.05) in color, aroma, taste, and overall acceptability among formulas, but not in texture (p=0.061). F1 obtained the highest acceptability for color, texture, and overall parameters, while F3 obtained the highest acceptability for aroma. F1, with proportions of 50% wheat flour, 40% yellow pumpkin seed flour, and 10% beef liver flour, was determined as the most optimal formula among all modified formulas.
Copyright (c) 2026 Brilian Callista Karunia, Annis Catur Adi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Penerapan Aplikasi Google Family Link terhadap Penggunaan Gawai Berlebih pada Anak Usia Sekolah dengan Masalah Gangguan Proses Keluarga
Families with school-age children face various parenting challenges in the digital era, particularly due to the increasing use of gadgets among children. Excessive and uncontrolled gadget use may negatively affect communication, interaction, and family harmony, especially when parental supervision is limited. One strategy to support parents in managing their children’s digital activities is the utilization of the Google Family Link application. This study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of Google Family Link in reducing excessive gadget use among school-age children experiencing family process dysfunction. A family nursing case study approach was employed involving three families with school-age children who demonstrated difficulties in controlling gadget use. Data were collected through interviews, observations, questionnaires, and family nursing assessments. The findings revealed that all participating families experienced challenges in supervising their children’s gadget use, resulting in family process dysfunction as a nursing problem. The intervention consisted of health education on healthy gadget use and a demonstration of the Google Family Link application conducted over three sessions. Following the intervention, the average duration of gadget use among children decreased by 3.17 hours per day. In addition, families demonstrated improved abilities to monitor and regulate their children’s digital activities. These findings suggest that the implementation of Google Family Link, combined with family education, is effective in reducing excessive gadget use among school-age children and enhancing parental supervision and caregiving functions. Therefore, this intervention may serve as an alternative family nursing strategy to promote healthier digital behavior and support optimal child development in the digital age.
Copyright (c) 2026 Shofiana Haniffah, F X Bobby Tyas Prastyanto https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Efektivitas Sitz Bath (Rendam Air Hangat) terhadap Nyeri Luka Perineum di Klinik Arinda
Perineal wound pain is one of the most common complaints experienced by postpartum mothers as a result of perineal tears or episiotomy. Untreated pain may interfere with mobility, daily activities, and infant care. One non-pharmacological method that can be used to reduce pain is a sitz bath (warm water immersion). Objective: To determine the effectiveness of sitz bath therapy on perineal wound pain among postpartum mothers at Arinda Clinic. Methods: This study employed a quasi-experimental design with a one-group pretest-posttest approach. The sample consisted of 30 postpartum mothers with first- and second-degree perineal wounds selected through purposive sampling. Pain intensity was measured using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS). The sitz bath intervention was administered using warm water at a temperature of 37–40°C for 10–15 minutes, twice daily for five days. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test with a significance level of 0.05. Results: The mean pain score decreased from 6.12 before the intervention to 3.08 after the intervention, with a mean difference of 3.04 points. The Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test yielded a p-value of 0.000 (p<0.05), indicating a statistically significant difference in pain levels before and after the sitz bath intervention. Conclusion: Sitz bath therapy is effective in reducing perineal wound pain among postpartum mothers at Arinda Clinic and can be used as a non-pharmacological intervention in postpartum care.
Copyright (c) 2026 Devina Anggrainy https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Pengaruh Pendidikan Kesehatan Reproduksi pada Remaja terhadap Tingkat Pengetahuan Seksual di Mts Siulak Gedang Kabupaten Kerinci Provinsi Jambi
Adolescence is a transitional stage connecting childhood to adulthood, accompanied by comprehensive transformations in the biological, psychological, social, and cultural domains. This growth and development process is initiated by the manifestation of secondary sexual characteristics and progresses in a complex manner until the individual reaches the peak of reproductive maturity. This study aims to identify differences in adolescents' sexual knowledge levels before and after receiving an educational intervention. Using a one-group pretest-posttest design, this experimental study evaluated the impact of reproductive health education on the school community. The research sample was selected through purposive sampling, resulting in 54 respondents from a total population of 82 students at MTs Siulak Gedang. The data collection instrument used a structured questionnaire, which was then tested bivariately using Wilcoxon test. The study findings confirmed a significant increase in cognitive scores among respondents post-intervention, with the majority experiencing an increase in understanding to the good category. These results demonstrate that the implementation of reproductive health education is highly effective in optimizing sexual literacy among adolescents.
Copyright (c) 2026 Dinda Aulia, Anik Purwati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Studi Penerapan Terapi Musik Klasik Mozart Terhadap Penurunan Tingkat Halusinasi Pendengaran pada Pasien Gangguan Jiwa di Panti Sosial
Background: Hallucinations are a major clinical manifestation of schizophrenia, with auditory hallucinations being the most prevalent type that severely impacts a patient's cognitive and social functioning. Non-pharmacological interventions, such as listening to classical music, are required to complement medical treatment and induce physiological relaxation. Methods: This study used a descriptive case study approach with four schizophrenic patients presenting auditory hallucinations at the Panti Sosial Bina Laras Harapan Sentosa. The intervention consisted of listening to Mozart's classical music for 15–30 minutes per session, administered daily over 6 consecutive days. Data collection included observations and structured interviews using a 22-item hallucination symptom checklist developed by the Universitas Indonesia. Results: The baseline pre-test indicated significant hallucination severity across all respondents. Post-intervention measurements showed a prominent reduction in hallucination symptoms: Respondent 1 and Respondent 3 achieved a 45.4% symptom decrease, Respondent 2 showed a 40.9% decrease, and Respondent 4 experienced a 27.3% decrease. Behaviors such as self-talking, unprovoked laughter, and panic attacks were substantially minimized. Conclusion: The systematic application of Mozart's classical music therapy effectively mitigates the signs and symptoms of auditory hallucinations by stimulating relaxation and diverting internal psychotic stimuli.
Copyright (c) 2026 Niken Ayu Setyowati, Yunita Astriani Hardayani https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Literature Review: Implementasi Advokasi Kesehatan dalam Pencegahan dan Penanggulangan Tuberkulosis
Tuberculosis remains a public health problem in Indonesia, with a relatively high number of cases and mortality rates. The success of tuberculosis control programs requires various efforts, one of which is health advocacy aimed at gaining policy support, funding, and the involvement of various parties in disease prevention and control. This study aims to analyze the implementation of advocacy in tuberculosis prevention and control and identify the roles and obstacles that influence the success of TB control programs. The method used was a literature review with a qualitative descriptive approach. Articles were obtained through Google Scholar using keywords related to health advocacy and tuberculosis. A total of 10 articles that met the inclusion criteria were analyzed descriptively to identify the implementation, benefits, and obstacles of advocacy in tuberculosis control. The results of the study indicate that the implementation of health advocacy plays a role in increasing public knowledge, strengthening cross-sector partnerships, supporting early case detection, improving treatment adherence, reducing stigma against sufferers, and encouraging policy support and empowering health cadres. However, its implementation still faces obstacles such as limited funding, suboptimal policy support, low community participation, and weak cross-sector coordination. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen advocacy through increased government commitment, adequate budget support, and community empowerment so that the tuberculosis control program can run more effectively and sustainably.
Copyright (c) 2026 Arini Dwi Rahmadani , Raudhiyah Hasanah Rambe, Dinda Purnama Sari, Fatimah Az Zahra Lubis, Miftahurrahmah El Hayatli https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Analisis Pengelolaan Limbah Benda Tajam di RS Pratama Tanah Abang Kabupaten Pali Tahun 2026
Sharp waste is infectious medical waste that can transmit diseases such as HIV, Hepatitis B, and Hepatitis C through needlestick injuries, making proper management essential to protect healthcare workers and the environment. This study aimed to analyze factors associated with sharp waste management practices at Tanah Abang Primary Hospital, PALI Regency, in 2026. A quantitative cross-sectional design was used involving all healthcare workers engaged in waste management, with 94 respondents selected through total sampling. Data were collected using questionnaires and direct observation, then analyzed through univariate, bivariate Chi-Square, and multivariate backward stepwise logistic regression analyses. Bivariate results showed significant associations between sharp waste management and knowledge (p=0.001; OR=5.273), attitude (p=0.001; OR=5.935), safety box availability (p=0.013; OR=2.903), and management supervision (p=0.009; OR=3.154). Age, gender, education, and hospital policy were not significantly associated. Multivariate analysis identified staff attitude and knowledge as the dominant predictors. The study concludes that sharp waste management is mainly influenced by internal awareness, requiring stronger educational supervision and behavior-based safety culture to sustain staff compliance.
Copyright (c) 2026 Chindy Tri Andini, Arie Wahyudi, Chairil Zaman https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Identifikasi dan Karakterisasi Bakteri Kontaminan melalui Uji Biokimia sebagai Upaya Evaluasi Keamanan Produk Obat, Pangan, Kosmetik dan Lingkungan
Bacterial contamination in pharmaceutical, food, cosmetic, and environmental products poses a significant global health challenge. This study aims to identify and characterize bacterial contaminants through biochemical testing approaches to evaluate the safety of various product types. Methods employed include bacterial isolation, Gram staining, and a series of conventional biochemical tests such as carbohydrate fermentation, catalase, oxidase, IMViC, and TSIA. A systematic review of 15 scientific journals across multiple disciplines revealed that the most frequently identified contaminants were Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella sp., Bacillus sp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter sp. These findings were consistently detected across diverse matrices, including fishery products, traditional foods, cosmetics, dairy milk, landfill soils, and indoor air of shopping centers. The study concludes that biochemical testing remains a reliable and cost-effective method for preliminary identification of bacterial contaminants across various sectors. However, confirmation using molecular methods such as PCR and 16S rRNA sequencing is strongly recommended to improve identification accuracy. Stricter safety standards and consistent hygiene practices are essential throughout the production chain of pharmaceutical, food, and cosmetic products to protect public health.
Copyright (c) 2026 Christica Ilsanna Surbakti, Manahan Situmorang, Reza Fikrih Utama https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Protokol Pemeriksaan Mental pada Pelaku Pembunuhan dan Implikasinya dalam Investigasi Forensik
Homicide cases involve complex legal, social, and psychological dimensions that require comprehensive investigation procedures. Besides collecting physical evidence, understanding the mental condition of offenders is essential to identify motives, behavioral patterns, and the extent of criminal responsibility. This study aims to examine the contribution of mental examination protocols in supporting homicide investigations from a forensic psychological perspective. A literature review approach was employed by analyzing relevant scientific publications discussing homicide, forensic assessment, psychological evaluation, and offender profiling. The review indicates that homicidal behavior may emerge from the interaction of personal, social, environmental, and psychological factors. Various assessment methods, including personality testing, structured and semi-structured interviews, affective disorder evaluation, neuropsychological assessment, memory examination, and trauma-related assessment, are frequently utilized to obtain a comprehensive understanding of an offender’s mental state. The findings suggest that mental examination not only assists in evaluating psychological functioning but also contributes to criminal profiling and legal decision-making. The integration of forensic psychological assessment into homicide investigations may strengthen the objectivity of investigative processes and provide a broader understanding of factors underlying violent criminal behavior.
Copyright (c) 2026 Syahla Marsellita Wahyudi, Annisa Salmaadani Syafitri, Fiza Afifah, Insan Anshori Umma, Lale Nandita Hulfifa, Kezia Michella Yusak M https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Efektivitas Inhalasi Aromaterapi Lemon Meredakan Gejala Emesis Gravidarum pada Ibu Hamil Trimester I di Puskesmas Jatiroto
Emesis gravidarum, which refers to feeling sick and throwing up during the early stages of pregnancy, women in the first - three months often go through it. Due to variation in hormone levels, especially an increase in hCG, estrogen, and progesterone, it can disrupt daily routines while lowering overall quality of life. As a non-pharmacological option, lemon aromatherapy is regarded as relatively safe; its limonene content is associated with a calming effect and may ease nausea by acting on the limbic system. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the efficacy of lemon essential oil treatment in the reduction of emesis gravidarum in first-trimester women who are pregnant in the catchment area of the Jatiroto Health Center. Twenty participants chosen using targeted sampling participated in a pre experimental, single-group, pretest - posttest research. Participants inhaled lemon aromatherapy over a period of 5-7 days, with an observation sheet used to record conditions both before and following the treatment. Wilcoxon rank-sum analysis (α = 0.05) was employed in the data analysis process. The findings indicated that symptom severity, initially dominated by moderate and severe categories, shifted toward the mild category following the intervention, with the difference reaching statistical significance p equals 0.000. Hence one may deduce that aromatherapy with lemon in the first trimester helps to relieve morning sickness in expectant women.
Copyright (c) 2026 Laeli Yatus Sulfa, Rani Safitri https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Bronchoscopy pada Pasien Atelektasis dengan Traumatic Brain Injury di ICU
Pathological brain-lung crosstalk severely complicates the intensive management of traumatic brain injury (TBI). Pulmonary complications such as atelectasis and ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) frequently worsen patient outcomes by prolonging mechanical ventilation and increasing morbidity. This report analyzes the clinical dynamics of a patient with severe TBI who developed refractory atelectasis and early-onset VAP during intensive care management. A male patient presenting after blunt trauma with massive, multifocal intracranial hemorrhages required urgent decompressive craniectomy and invasive mechanical ventilation. During intensive care, the patient developed persistent right upper lobe atelectasis, which subsequently precipitated VAP caused by an extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli. Performing flexible bronchoscopy in neurocritical patients carries a significant risk of intracranial pressure (ICP) elevation secondary to auto-positive end-expiratory pressure (auto-PEEP) generation and transient hypercapnia. Therefore, strict periprocedural mitigation strategies, including complete pharmacological paralysis, optimization of pressure-regulated volume control ventilation, intermittent bronchoscope insertion, and continuous hemodynamic and neurological monitoring, were implemented throughout the procedure. Therapeutic bronchoscopy remains an effective and safe intervention for resolving post-TBI atelectasis when carefully integrated with neuroprotective ventilation strategies designed to minimize intracranial pressure elevation and optimize respiratory function, thereby supporting favorable clinical outcomes in neurocritical care patients.
Copyright (c) 2026 Niko Pamillian Ariesti, Calcarina Fitriani Retno Wisudarti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Hubungan Tingkat Pengetahuan Mahasiswa terhadap Sikap Memilih Antioksidan sebagai Anti-Aging di Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang
Purchases of beauty products by around 126,8 million individuals were, dominatedly by Indonesian teenagers. This increasing precentage of beauty product users raisers concerns regarding inappropriate product selection. Nadequate attention to skin conditions, and environmental influences. These factors may not lead to healthy and radiant skin but could instead contribute to various skin problems. This study aims to analyze the relationship between the knowledge level of university students and their and attitudes toward selecting antioxidants as Anti-Aging agents. This study employs observational analytical design with a cross sectional aproach. The sample consists of 260 students, inrolled in the year 2023 and 2024 cohorts. At the Faculty of Medicine, University of Muhammadiyah Semarang. Participants were selected using purposive sampling method based on inclusion criteria which required them to be actively attending lectures. Data were collected on gender, age, knowledge level and attitude toward antioxidant selection. These variables were measured using a structured questionnaire, and the relationship between variables were analyzed using statistical test Rank Spearman. The majority of respondents 83,5 % (n = 217) demonstrated a high level of knowledge, while 91.9% (n = 239) exhibited a positive attitude toward selecting antioxidants as Anti-Aging agents. The Spearman Rank correlation test revealed a significant relationship between knowledge level and attitude, with a p-value of 0.000, and a correlation coefficient ( r ) 0.562. There was a significant relationship between the level of knowledge and the attitude toward choosing antioxidants as Anti-Aging agents among Students of the Faculty of Medicine University of Muhammadiyah Semarang.
Copyright (c) 2026 Oktavia Nurul Khotimah, Eko Krisnarto, Afiana Rohmani https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Studi Kasus: Gambaran Onset Blok Motorik pada Pasien Bedah Urologi dengan Spinal Anestesi di Rsud Dr. H. Moch Ansari Saleh Banjarmasin
Spinal anesthesia is widely used in urological surgery because it provides effective sensory and motor blockade of the lower extremities. Motor block onset, defined as the interval between intrathecal anesthetic administration and the development of motor blockade, is an important indicator of anesthetic effectiveness. This study aimed to describe patient characteristics, motor block onset time, and the degree of motor blockade based on the Bromage Scale in patients undergoing urological surgery. A descriptive case study was conducted on five patients who received spinal anesthesia at Dr. H. Moch. Ansari Saleh Regional Hospital, Banjarmasin. Data were collected through direct observation of patient characteristics, motor block onset, and Bromage Scale scores. All patients were adults aged 18 years or older, consisting of one male and four females, with body mass index categories ranging from normal weight to obesity class II. Motor block onset varied between 1 and 7 minutes. Despite this variation, all patients achieved complete motor blockade with a Bromage Score of 3. The findings indicate that motor block onset differs among individuals, while complete motor blockade can still be achieved consistently, providing useful clinical information for evaluating the effectiveness of spinal anesthesia in urological surgery.
Copyright (c) 2026 Nike Aprilia Putri, Hanura Aprilia, Evy Noorhasanah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Perbedaan Tingkat Pengetahuan Pasien Sectio Caesarea Sebelum dan Sesudah Edukasi Mobilisasi Dini Berbasis Video di RSUM Siti Aminah Bumiayu
Early mobilization in post-Caesarean section patients is an important effort to accelerate the recovery process and prevent complications; however, many patients still lack understanding of its importance and are reluctant to perform it. Video-based health education is considered an effective method to improve patient knowledge as it presents information in a visual and engaging manner. This study aimed to determine the difference in the level of knowledge regarding early mobilization among Caesarean section patients before and after receiving video-based education. This study employed a pre-experimental design with a one-group pretest-posttest approach. The sample consisted of 25 respondents selected using purposive sampling technique. The instrument used was a knowledge questionnaire, and data were analyzed using the Paired Samples t-Test. The results showed an increase in the average knowledge level of respondents after the intervention. The mean knowledge score before the intervention (pretest) was 47.73 and increased to 76.26 after the intervention (posttest). Statistical analysis showed a p-value of 0.001 (p < 0.05), indicating a significant difference in knowledge levels before and after the video-based education. Therefore, it can be concluded that video-based education is effective in improving knowledge about early mobilization in post-Caesarean section patients.
Copyright (c) 2026 Dwi Cahyaningsih, Amin Susanto, Atun Raudotul Marifah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Hubungan Status Perokok dengan Nilai Saturasi Oksigen (SpO2) Pasca Anestesi Umum di Rumah Sakit Khusus Bedah Jatiwinangun
Smoking is a risk factor that can impact blood oxygen saturation levels and respiratory system performance. Smoking raises the risk of reduced postoperative oxygen saturation in individuals receiving general anaesthesia. The purpose of this study is to ascertain the relationship between smoking status and oxygen saturation (SpO2) levels at the Jatiwinangun Special Surgery Hospital during general anaesthesia. This study employed a cross-sectional methodology and a quantitative design. There were 49 responders in the sample. The Chi-Square test was used to analyse the data that had been gathered through observation and medical record documentation. According to the findings, up to 24 respondents (49.0%) were young adults (20–39 years old). In terms of gender, 30 respondents (61.2%) were female, whereas just 19 respondents (38.8%) were male. Up to 25 respondents (51.0%) were active smokers. Oxygen saturation was abnormal in 26 respondents (53.1%) (<95%). The results of the chi-square test revealed a significant correlation between smoking status and oxygen saturation levels during general anaesthesia, with a p-value of 0.004 (p < 0.05). In comparison to non-smokers, patients with a history of smoking are more likely to experience decreased oxygen saturation.
Copyright (c) 2026 Menik Intan Safitri, Danang Tri Yudono, Linda Yanti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Hubungan Status Gizi terhadap Kualitas Hidup Pasien Kanker Payudara Stadium 1 dan 2 di RS Tugurejo Semarang
Poor nutritional status in breast cancer patients may increase living expenses, fatigue, and limitations in daily activities, resulting in decreased quality of life. Patients with stage 1 and 2 breast cancer generally have better quality of life due to optimal treatment and better physical and psychological conditions. This study aimed to examine the relationship between nutritional status and quality of life among stage 1 and 2 breast cancer patients at Tugurejo Hospital Semarang. This analytical observational study used a cross-sectional approach involving 42 breast cancer patients. Nutritional status was assessed using Body Mass Index (BMI), while quality of life was measured using the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the Spearman rank test. The results showed that 4 respondents (9.5%) were underweight, 23 respondents (54.8%) had normal BMI, and 15 respondents (35.7%) were obese. Regarding quality of life, 4 respondents (9.5%) had moderate quality of life and 38 respondents (90.5%) had high quality of life. The Spearman rank test showed a p-value of 0.034 (<0.05) with a correlation coefficient of 0.328, indicating a sufficient relationship between nutritional status and quality of life. In conclusion, nutritional status is related to the quality of life of stage 1 and 2 breast cancer patients at Tugurejo Hospital Semarang.
Copyright (c) 2026 Nirrana Wulan Rizki, Risky Ika Riani, Afiana Rohmani https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Farmakoterapi Terkini pada Osteoporosis Pascamenopause
Postmenopausal osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disorder characterized by reduced bone mass and microarchitectural deterioration of bone tissue, leading to increased fragility fracture risk. This literature review aimed to comprehensively compare two primary antiresorptive therapy classes bisphosphonates and denosumab across pharmacological mechanisms, clinical efficacy, safety profiles, and patient adherence. A systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed, Google Scholar, and SciSpace databases, restricted to peer-reviewed publications from 2019 to 2026, including randomized controlled trials, meta-analyses, and real-world evidence studies. Bisphosphonates act by inhibiting farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase (FPPS) in the mevalonate pathway, inducing osteoclast apoptosis, whereas denosumab inhibits RANKL, mimicking the physiological function of osteoprotegerin. Evidence demonstrates that denosumab produces superior bone mineral density (BMD) gains at the lumbar spine and total hip, alongside higher real-world treatment persistence rates. Within Indonesia's National Health Insurance (JKN/BPJS Kesehatan) system, bisphosphonates risedronate, alendronate, and zoledronic acid are listed in the National Formulary (Fornas KMK 2197/2023) and fully reimbursed, whereas denosumab (Prolia®, Xgeva®, and biosimilar Corora® approved by BPOM in April 2024) has not yet been included. Both drug classes carry rare but serious risks of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) and atypical femoral fracture (AFF). It is concluded that bisphosphonates remain the effective and affordable first-line therapy within the BPJS framework, while denosumab represents a valuable alternative for patients with bisphosphonate intolerance or inadequate treatment response.
Copyright (c) 2026 A Made Dea Rona Almas, Dicky Rizki Abadi Saputra https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Mandibula Tumor Dextra Et Causa Ameloblastoma : A Case Report
Ameloblastoma is a benign but locally aggressive odontogenic tumor that commonly arises in the mandible, especially in the posterior region. Despite its histologically benign nature, it can cause significant facial deformity, functional impairment, and high recurrence if inadequately treated. Diagnosis requires a combination of imaging studies and histopathological confirmation. We reported a case of a 22-year-old male who presented with a progressively enlarging painless swelling in the right lower jaw over five years. CT scan revealed a large, well-demarcated, expansile radiolucent lesion measuring 14 × 16 cm in the right mandibular region with signs of cortical destruction. Panoramic radiograph showed multilocular radiolucency with ill-defined margins and root displacement. Physical examination revealed a firm, fixed mass without lymphadenopathy. The patient underwent right hemimandibulectomy with mandibular reconstruction using a plate and screws. Histopathological analysis confirmed a multicystic ameloblastoma. Postoperative recovery was uneventful, and the patient demonstrated satisfactory functional and aesthetic outcomes. This case illustrates the typical clinical and radiological features of multicystic ameloblastoma and highlights the importance of early diagnosis and radical surgical excision. Multicystic ameloblastoma, while benign, shows locally invasive behavior that necessitates segmental resection with clear margins. The absence of lymph node involvement and distant metastasis in this case is consistent with the benign nature of the tumor. Long-term follow-up is essential due to the high risk of recurrence.Early identification and comprehensive surgical management of ameloblastoma are critical to preventing extensive bone destruction and functional compromise. Hemimandibulectomy with reconstruction remains the definitive treatment in large, locally aggressive mandibular ameloblastomas. This case adds to the literature on ameloblastoma management and supports the role of early intervention and long-term monitoring.
Copyright (c) 2026 Diska Astarini, Christian O. Manginstar, Marcelus Merung https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Kepatuhan Rumah Sakit terhadap Tata Kelola Akses Sistem Informasi Pelayanan Kesehatan dalam Menjamin Perlindungan Data Pasien
The digital transformation of the healthcare sector has driven hospitals to adopt Health Service Information Systems to improve the efficiency and quality of healthcare delivery. However, alongside these benefits, the implementation of such systems also increases the risks of unauthorized access, data breaches, and violations of patient confidentiality. These challenges highlight the urgent need for robust access governance that is not only technically sound but also aligned with legal frameworks governing patient data protection. This study aims to analyze the legal regulations concerning access governance in Health Service Information Systems, examine hospital compliance in implementing such governance, and assess the legal liability of hospitals for violations that compromise patient data protection. This research employs a normative legal method using statutory and conceptual approaches. The data used are secondary data obtained through library research, including legislation, legal textbooks, scientific journals, and relevant literature. The findings reveal that access governance is regulated under several legal instruments, including Law Number 17 of 2023 on Health, Law Number 27 of 2022 on Personal Data Protection, Minister of Health Regulation Number 24 of 2022 on Medical Records, and Minister of Health Regulation Number 6 of 2026 on Hospitals. Hospital compliance is demonstrated through access control mechanisms, protection of Electronic Medical Records, supervision of system usage, and the application of accountability principles. In cases of violations, hospitals may be held administratively, civilly, criminally, and corporately liable in accordance with applicable laws.
Copyright (c) 2026 Irsyam Risdawati, Hardian Faisal Hasibuan, Adeodata Lily Wibisono, Adrian Martin Hutauruk, Alfred Trisakti, Dhani Muhammad Romadon Malikul https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Hubungan Tingkat Pengetahuan Tentang ISPA dengan Perilaku Pencegahan ISPA pada Masyarakat di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Sukomulyo Kabupaten Gresik
The health problem that is currently a problem in the public health aspect is Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) because the incidence rate is quite high. Better preventive behavior can affect the level of public knowledge about the disease. This study was carried out to analyze the relationship between the level of knowledge about ISPA and preventive behavior in the community in the working area of the Sukomulyo Health Center, Gresik Regency. This study applied a quantitative approach to cross sectional design. A total of 100 respondents were selected using a simple random sampling technique, then tested using the Fisher's Exact Test. The results of the analysis showed that the majority of respondents with a high level of knowledge also applied good preventive behavior, which was 91.0%. In contrast, 59.1% of respondents with a low level of knowledge showed poor preventive behavior. The p< value of 0.001 indicates a meaningful relationship between the level of knowledge of ISPA and its prevention behavior. This research study proves that there is an increase in public knowledge which can be an important weapon to support efforts to prevent ISPA and become the basis for health centers to strengthen education programs on an ongoing basis.
Copyright (c) 2026 Zufra Inayah, Sestiono Mindiharto, Syifa Fazia Hanifaturohmah, Iswania Hesti Pratiwi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Uji Aktivitas Ekstrak Bunga Mawar (Rosa Damascena) sebagai Antibakteri terhadap Propionibactrium Acnes Penyebab Jerawat
Jerawat vulgaris adalah kondisi yang menyebabkan peradangan pada kulit. Salah satu bakteri penyebab jerawat adalah Propionibacterium acnes, yang memiliki protein yang mampu mendegradasi jaringan kulit dan memicu peradangan. Ekstrak bunga mawar (Rosa damascena) mengandung metabolit sekunder yang berfungsi sebagai agen antibakteri, seperti tanin, geraniol, nerol, sitronelol, dan flavonoid. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan aktivitas penghambatan antibakteri ekstrak bunga mawar (Rosa damascena) terhadap pertumbuhan Propionibacterium acnes, salah satu bakteri penyebab jerawat. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini melibatkan pembuatan ekstrak bunga mawar (Rosa damascena) dalam beberapa variasi konsentrasi, yaitu 30%, 20%, dan 10%, dan pengujian terhadap pertumbuhan Propionibacterium acnes. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa zona penghambatan yang dihasilkan pada konsentrasi 20% dan 30% dikategorikan sangat kuat, sedangkan zona penghambatan pada konsentrasi 10% dikategorikan kuat. Efektivitas antibakteri ekstrak bunga mawar (Rosa damascena) ini diyakini disebabkan oleh adanya senyawa metabolit sekunder seperti flavonoid, tanin, dan saponin. Kesimpulannya, ekstrak bunga mawar (Rosa damascena) menunjukkan aktivitas antibakteri, khususnya dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri penyebab jerawat, yaitu Propionibacterium acnes, dengan efek penghambatan maksimal yang diamati pada konsentrasi 30%.
Copyright (c) 2026 Cindy Olivia Panggabean, Erida Novriani, Razoki Lubis https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Gambaran Pemeriksaan Hasil HBsAg pada Ibu Hamil Trimester Ii dalam Deteksi Hepatitis B di Banyumas
Hepatitis B is a viral infection that remains a public health problem, especially in pregnant women due to the risk of vertical transmission of infection to the fetus. Hepatitis B Surface Antigen (HBsAg) examination in pregnant women is necessary as an early detection effort to prevent hepatitis B transmission from mother to baby. This study aims to describe the results of HBsAg examination in second-trimester pregnant women in the detection of hepatitis B in Banyumas. The type of research used is descriptive observational with a cross-sectional approach. The population consisted of secondtrimester pregnant women with a sample of 23 respondents who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Venous blood samples were taken and examined using the HBsAg immunochromatography method (strip test). The data obtained were analyzed descriptively qualitatively to describe the results of the HBsAg examination. No second-trimester pregnant women were found with positive HBsAg results in the samples examined. The results showed that all respondents had negative HBsAg test results (100%). It can be concluded that no active hepatitis B virus infection was detected in pregnant women. HBsAg examination using the strip test method can be used as an initial screening method for early detection of hepatitis B in pregnant women. This study shows that the use of strip tests is still recommended for routine HBsAg examinations to prevent transmission of hepatitis B from mother to baby
Copyright (c) 2026 Auliya Khairin, Ratna Wulandari, Anisa Nur Afdila, Shofia Putri Kawiswara, Cahya Putri Utami, Fatra Guhanda, Fu’ad Minan Zuhri https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Potensi Risiko Kesehatan Akibat Pajanan Mikroplastik dari Lingkungan Pesisir dan Biota Laut
Microplastics are plastic particles smaller than 5 mm formed through the degradation of plastic waste in the environment. Coastal areas are major accumulation zones for microplastics due to household, fisheries, and industrial activities, along with inadequate waste management. This article aims to review the potential health risks associated with microplastic exposure from coastal environments and marine biota. A descriptive-narrative literature review was conducted using articles obtained from Google Scholar, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and the Directory of Open Access Journals. The selected literature consisted of publications from 2020 to 2025 discussing microplastics in coastal environments, marine organisms, exposure pathways, and potential effects on human health. The review found that microplastics have been detected in seawater, coastal sediments, fish, and shellfish consumed by humans. Human exposure may occur through seafood consumption, drinking water, and inhalation. Several studies have also identified microplastics in human stool, blood, placenta, lung tissue, kidney tissue, and urine. Microplastics may induce inflammation, oxidative stress, metabolic disruption, cellular damage, and act as carriers of organic pollutants and heavy metals. However, epidemiological evidence regarding their health effects in humans remains limited. Further studies using standardized methods and stronger plastic pollution control are needed to reduce human exposure to microplastics.
Copyright (c) 2026 Risma Ayustri Ariesusanto https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Aplikasi Model Anatomi Cetak Tiga Dimensi dalam Pendidikan Anatomi Panggul: Tinjauan Sistematis
Three-dimensional printing is an emerging educational tool that can enhance anatomy learning through realistic and interactive models. However, evidence regarding the use of female pelvic anatomy models in anatomy education has not yet been comprehensively synthesized. This systematic review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA 2020 guidelines, using PubMed, Scopus, and ScienceDirect as of June 15, 2026, to identify primary studies published between 2021 and 2026. Seven studies met the inclusion criteria. Overall, the synthesis results indicate that 3D-printed models improve anatomical visualization, spatial understanding, student engagement, and satisfaction. Experimental studies also reported improved fracture classification, understanding of injury mechanisms, and procedural skills, particularly among students with limited clinical experience. Furthermore, these models provide a more hands-on learning experience, allowing students to understand the relationships between anatomical structures more clearly, and support a more effective learning process compared to conventional media. However, most of the studies were exploratory in nature, had small sample sizes, and reported heterogeneous outcomes. 3D-printed anatomical models show promise in the education of female pelvic anatomy, but further high-quality experimental studies are needed to confirm their educational effectiveness.
Copyright (c) 2026 Aqsha Wijaya, Ahmad Azwar Habibi, Novia Martin, Fakhriati Averroesyka https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Identifikasi Bakteri dan Jamur pada Makanan dan Minuman Menggunakan Metode Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) dan Analisis Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) Molekuler
Contamination of food and beverages by pathogenic bacteria and spoilage fungi remains a major public health concern, particularly in traditional and street-vended products where hygienic control is often inadequate. Conventional culture-based identification methods are time-consuming and often fail to detect slow-growing or non-culturable microorganisms. This study aimed to identify bacterial and fungal contaminants in food and beverage samples using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) combined with molecular Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) analysis. Samples were collected from local food vendors, and total genomic DNA was extracted using a commercial extraction kit. Bacterial identification targeted the 16S rRNA gene, while fungal identification targeted the Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) region, both amplified by PCR and visualized by agarose gel electrophoresis. Amplicons were sequenced and compared with reference sequences in the GenBank database using the Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST). The results revealed the presence of pathogenic and spoilage microorganisms, including Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella sp., and Aspergillus species, indicating inadequate sanitation during food handling and storage. These findings confirm that PCR-based molecular analysis provides a rapid, sensitive, and specific approach for detecting microbial contamination in food and beverages.
Copyright (c) 2026 Devina Chandra, Manuppak Irianto Tampubolon, Monica Suryani, Supartiningsih Supartiningsih https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Pengaplikasian Mikroba dalam Sediaan Fermentasi Makanan dan Minuman bagi Kesehatan Manusia
Fermented foods and beverages containing probiotic microorganisms provide substantial health benefits, yet public understanding of how these microbes work remains limited in many parts of Indonesia. This review examines fifteen published community-education and outreach articles on the application of fermentation microbes in food and beverages, focusing on the microbiological and probiotic mechanisms underlying these programs and their impact on public knowledge. A descriptive literature review was conducted on fifteen nationally published Indonesian journal articles (2019-2025), extracting the fermentation substrate, probiotic microorganisms involved, education method, and outcome of each activity, followed by comparative-descriptive analysis. All reviewed activities reported measurable knowledge improvement, with post-test scores consistently higher than pre-test scores, some reaching full comprehension among participants. The most frequently applied probiotics were Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium, together with the SCOBY consortium used in kombucha, kefir, and yogurt, as well as products derived from local ingredients such as salak, pineapple peel, orange sweet potato, and Podang mango. Mechanistically, these probiotics act through competitive exclusion of pathogens, production of antimicrobial metabolites such as bacteriocins, and modulation of the immune system via gut-associated lymphoid tissue, thereby maintaining gut microbiota balance and preventing dysbiosis. Community education that combines an understanding of microbial fermentation mechanisms with hands-on training using local ingredients effectively improves public knowledge, skills, and health awareness regarding probiotic fermented foods, and represents a promising strategy for future public-health outreach in Indonesia.
Copyright (c) 2026 Supartiningsih Supartiningsih, Syahira Syahira, Kemuning Zalianti, Wahyuni Sabina, Sofi Suci Sibagariang, Elisa Septiani Silalahi, Riska Wahyu Ningsih, Rival Kasnurlin Gulo, Tri She Wira U.B Sitompul, Saskia Dintapryana, Deya Rahmahyanti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Edukasi terhadap Obat, Makanan, Kosmetik, dan Lingkungan yang Terkontaminasi Bakteri dan Jamur
The microbiological safety of drugs, food, cosmetics, and environmental samples is a crucial factor affecting public health. This study aimed to evaluate contamination levels using the Total Plate Count (TPC/ALT) method and to identify potential pathogenic bacteria. A quantitative approach was conducted using the pour plate technique, where samples were serially diluted, inoculated on Plate Count Agar (PCA), and incubated at 35–37°C for 24–48 hours. The results showed significant variations in bacterial load across samples. Liquid cosmetic products such as sunscreen and foundation exhibited high contamination levels ranging from 1.23×10⁵ to 3.2×10⁶ CFU/g, exceeding the regulatory limit of 10³ CFU/g. Pathogenic bacteria including Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli were detected, indicating contamination from environmental exposure, poor hygiene practices, and cross-contact during usage. In environmental samples, extremely high microbial counts indicated active biological recovery. These findings demonstrate that many products fail to meet microbiological safety standards after use. Therefore, strict hygiene control, effective preservative systems, and proper storage practices are essential to minimize contamination risks and ensure consumer safety.
Copyright (c) 2026 Artha Yuliana Sianipar, Grace Anastasia br Ginting, Peri Peri, Axeldykes Yergal Nainggolan, Chatrin Sasya Christiawan Damanik, Desi Olifya Simanungkalit, Eli Putri Simanjuntak, Friskila Magdalena Simatupang, Jennifer Audi Inesza Silitonga, Keysia Aurel Sinaga, Laudia Cintia, Nalatari Simamora https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0