Analisis Komparatif Efisiensi Termal Dan Laju Perpindahan Panas Pada Pemanasan Air Tradisional (Kayu Bakar) Dan Modern LPG
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51903/juritek.v6i2.7364Keywords:
Efisiensi Termal, Kayu Bakar, Kompor LPG, Laju Perpindahan Panas, Pemanasan AirAbstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis secara komparatif efisiensi termal dan laju perpindahan panas pada proses pemanasan air menggunakan bahan bakar tradisional (kayu bakar) dan modern (LPG/Liquefied Petroleum Gas). Pengujian dilakukan dengan memanaskan 1 liter air dari suhu ambient 28°C hingga titik didih 100°C menggunakan kompor tradisional berbahan bakar kayu dan kompor LPG standar. Parameter yang diukur meliputi waktu pemanasan, konsumsi bahan bakar, suhu api, dan laju perpindahan panas konvektif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kompor LPG memiliki efisiensi termal rata-rata 65%, sedangkan kompor kayu bakar hanya mencapai 45%. Laju perpindahan panas pada kompor LPG berkisar antara 376–524 W, sementara kayu bakar hanya menghasilkan 167–232 W. Faktor rugi panas akibat radiasi dan konveksi parasitik lebih dominan pada sistem kayu bakar. Secara ekonomi, kayu bakar masih lebih terjangkau di wilayah pedesaan, namun dampak lingkungannya berupa emisi partikel halus (PM2.5) dan CO sangat signifikan. Penelitian ini memberikan bukti kuantitatif yang komprehensif bagi pengambil kebijakan dalam program konversi energi memasak di Indonesia.
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