Fraud dalam Layanan BPJS Kesehatan : Kajian Etis dan Hukum Berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 17 Tahun 2023 tentang Kesehatan
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55606/inovasi.v4i1.4767Keywords:
BPJS, Ethics, Fraud, National Health InsuranceAbstract
Fraud within the Social Insurance Administration Organization (BPJS) Kesehatan has emerged as a significant challenge, threatening the sustainability and integrity of Indonesia's National Health Insurance (JKN) program. Fraud can manifest in various forms, including false claims, misuse of participant data, and unauthorized utilization of healthcare facilities, involving participants, medical personnel, and healthcare providers alike. This phenomenon not only results in financial losses for the state but also diminishes the quality of healthcare services and public trust. This article analyzes BPJS fraud from the perspective of ethics and compliance with Law Number 17 of 2023 concerning Health. This law emphasizes the crucial principles of justice, transparency, and accountability in the provision of healthcare services. The prevention and handling of fraud are regulated by Minister of Health Regulation Number 16 of 2019, which mandates strict oversight, administrative sanctions, and the use of information technology for early detection. Furthermore, education and community involvement are key to strengthening reporting and oversight systems. Collaboration across sectors and the implementation of comprehensive policies are expected to maintain the sustainability and integrity of JKN, ultimately aiming to achieve fair and equitable healthcare services for all Indonesian citizens.
Keywords: Ethics, Fraud, National Health Insurance, Social Insurance Administration Organization
References
Alwis, B. (2022). Etika medis dan implementasinya dalam praktik kesehatan. Jurnal Etika Kesehatan, 12(3), 45–56.
Astuti, E. K. (2020). Peran BPJS Kesehatan dalam mewujudkan hak atas pelayanan kesehatan bagi warga negara Indonesia. Jurnal Penelitian Hukum Indonesia, 01(01), 55–65.
Christin, E., & Achadi, A. (2022). Analisis risiko upcoding terhadap kejadian fraud di era JKN: Tinjauan sistematis. PREPOTIF Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat, 6, 1781–1793.
Djasri, H., Aulia, P., Tirtabayu, E., & Mada, U. G. (2016). Korupsi dalam pelayanan kesehatan di era Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional: Kajian besarnya potensi dan sistem pengendalian fraud. Integritas, 2(1), 113–133.
Fitra, N. H., Usman, Amir, R., Nurlinda, & Majid, M. (2025). Analisis pelaksanaan program pencegahan fraud Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN) fraud prevention program. Jurnal Ilmiah Manusia dan Kesehatan, 8.
Indonesia. (2019). Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Nomor 16 Tahun 2019.
Indonesia. (2023). Undang-Undang Nomor 17 Tahun 2023.
Kementerian Kesehatan RI. (2024). Surat Edaran Menteri Kesehatan Nomor HK.02.01/MENKES/1567/2024.
Marriska, K. (2020). Strategi kebijakan mengurangi fraud dalam klaim BPJS ditinjau dari PERMENKES Nomor 36 Tahun 2025 dihubungkan dengan asas kemanusiaan. Aktualita, 3(1).
Nurmala. (2023). Fraud dan dampaknya terhadap keberlanjutan BPJS Kesehatan. Jurnal Manajemen Kesehatan, 17(4), 89–97.
Pranggoro, K., Okta, A. D. K., Wastuaji, A., Mais, R. G., & Sunarsih, U. (2025). Peran digitalisasi dalam pencegahan fraud: Studi pada BPJS rumah sakit swasta. Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Business (RIGGS), 4(2), 1316–1322.
Probowati, D. P., Arimbi, D., Prastopo, & Edwin. (2024). Penguatan regulasi dalam pencegahan kecurangan (fraud) pada program Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional: Perspektif Governance, Risk, and Compliance (GRC). Indonesian Research Journal on Education, 4, 3262–3268.
Putri, S. Y., & Wilasittha, A. A. (2021). Perkembangan fraud theory dan relevansi dalam realita. Prosiding Senapan, 1(2), 726–735.
Rizkia, N. D., & Ferdiansyah, H. (2023). Metode penelitian hukum (normatif dan empiris). Bandung: WIDINA.
Sadikin, H., & Adisasmito, W. (2020). Analisis pengaruh dimensi fraud triangle dalam kebijakan pencegahan fraud terhadap program Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional di RSUP Nasional Cipto Mangunkusumo. Jurnal Ekonomi Kesehatan Indonesia, 1, 28–34.
Sari, A. P., Jati, S. P., & Shaluhiyah, Z. (2022). Implementasi kebijakan pencegahan fraud dalam pelaksanaan program Jaminan Kesehatan di Rumah Sakit Nasional Diponegoro Jawa Tengah. Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat, 10(16), 128–144.
Sariunita, N., & Syakurah, R. A. (2023). Analisis kejadian upcoding biaya pelayanan kesehatan di wilayah kerja BPJS Kesehatan Cabang Depok. Bina Generasi: Jurnal Kesehatan, 2(82), 1–6.
Tito, J. S., Tito, J. S., & Siregar, K. N. (2024). Faktor pemicu dan penghambat fraud dalam program Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional dan strategi pencegahannya: Sebuah scoping review. Jurnal Ekonomi Kesehatan Indonesia, 9(2). https://doi.org/10.7454/eki.v9i2.1124
Wulandari, S. (2023). Pencegahan fraud dalam program JKN BPJS Kesehatan. Jurnal Administrasi Kesehatan, 15(1), 25–37.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Jurnal Sosial Humaniora dan Pendidikan

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.