Kelelahan Kerja di Kalangan Awak Kapal: Systematic Literature Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55606/klinik.v4i3.4336Keywords:
Work Fatigue, Maritime Safety, Occupational HealthAbstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor penyebab, metode pengukuran, serta dampak kelelahan kerja pada awak kapal melalui kajian sistematik terhadap literatur yang relevan. Kajian dilakukan dengan pendekatan Systematic Literature Review mengikuti pedoman PRISMA, menggunakan database seperti PubMed, Scopus, dan Web of Science. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa kelelahan kerja pada awak kapal disebabkan oleh jam kerja panjang, kurangnya kualitas tidur, tekanan psikososial, dan lingkungan kerja yang ekstrem. Dampak kelelahan meliputi peningkatan risiko kecelakaan laut, gangguan kesehatan fisik dan mental, serta penurunan efisiensi operasional. Strategi mitigasi yang diidentifikasi mencakup penerapan Fatigue Risk Management System (FRMS), perbaikan kondisi tidur, dukungan sosial, pelatihan kepemimpinan, dan penyediaan layanan kesehatan mental. Kesimpulannya, kelelahan kerja merupakan isu multidimensional yang memerlukan pendekatan manajemen terpadu dan berkelanjutan.
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